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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Note, this lecture is full of fluff
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aka, there's not much to memorize, so i'm trying to limit it to what i think might be important
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What is ELSI?
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Ethical, Legal, and social implications program
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What is ELSI founded on idea of?
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new technology of gene identification will engender problems that can be minimized if anticipated and dealth w/ promptly
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What are clinical purposes of genetic testing?
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predict risk of dz
id carriers establish prenatal and clinical diagnoses or prognoses |
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tests involves looking for genetic mutations that have a high penetrance (usually autosomal dominant)
-tests are highly sensitive and specific (usually abou 100%) |
Presymptomatic tests
-Alzheimer DZ -Huntington's |
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Bad part about presymptomatic testing
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may not always have, cures, so may not be better off knowing fate
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Involves looking for genetic mutations that confer a higher risk for developing dz
-Variable sensitivity and specificity -ie: Apo-E (alzheimer) BRCA1 and 2: breast cancer |
Susceptibilty testing
-remeber, variable sensitivity and specificity |
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What is a problem w/ susceptibility testing?
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test interpretation can be complex b/c not always accurate
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Identifies individuals who DO NOT themselves have a particular Dz but who are at risk for having child w/ a particular dz
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Carrier Identification
-Tay sachs in ashkenazi jewish -Sickle cell anemia in African American pops -CF in caucasian |
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Carrier testing vs carrier screening?
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carrier testing- individuals known to be at high risk b/c of family hx
-carrier screening-individual w/ no family hx |
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testing the fetus prior to birth to help ID genetic mutations that may cause DZ?
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prenatal genetic testing
-enable parents to have children who otherwise wouldn't have been willing b/c of fear of birth defects or genetic dz -let parents have children who would've been worried about fate of fetus |
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Common prenatal tests?
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Down syndrome or tube defects
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bad aspect of prenatal tests?
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possible termination of fetus based on ambiguous information
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Screening newborns shortly after birth to ID genetic conditions
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Newborn screening
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What is goal of newborn screening?
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ID conditions that are txable to begin tx as soon as possible to prevent serious mental or physical handicaps
*usually, tx is available |
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Big issue in newborn screening?
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informed consent issue
-necessity for tx and follow-up to prevent damage |
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When are applicants for health insurance denied?
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if chance of dz exceeds 3 x's the risk for others of their same age and sex
(esp. Huntington's dz) |
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Is it illegal to hire someone bc they may be EXPECTED to have higher than average health care costs?
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no
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What is ADA?
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Americans w/ disabilities act:
-once offer of employment has been made, then can demand a full medical workup and medical records -however, supreme court has limited ADA power |
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What is GINA?
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Genetic information nondiscrimination act
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What is main purpose of GINA?
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protects consumers from discrimination by health insurers and employers on the basis of GENETIC INFORMATION (would help avoid issues of genetic info influencing ability to get insurance)
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Who always has a sample of DNA collected?
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all persons arrested
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How do blood extractions relate to the fourth amendment?
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Blood extractions are seraches for the purpose fo the 4th Amendment, and are subject to the normal 4th Amendment requirements
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What does 4th amendment and blood samples mean
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authorities can't obtain a blood sample for DNA testing absent the subject's consent or a search warrant based upon probable cause, regardless of the subject's status as a former prisoner on supervised release
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