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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A rod-shaped prokaryotic cell
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Bacillus
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A series of segmental units called vertebrae, present in all vertebrates
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Backbone
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One of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being archaea
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Bacteria
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The single, circular DNA molecule found in bacteria
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Bacterial Chromosome
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A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage
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Bacteriophage
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An organism that is a member of the domain Bacteria
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Bacterium
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A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration in a solution
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Base
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A type of mimicry in which a species that a predator can eat looks like a different species that is poisonous or otherwise harmful to the predator
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Batesian mimicry
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A type of prezygotic barrier between species; two species remain isolated because individuals of neither species are sexually attracted to individuals of the other species
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Behavioral isolation
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An abnormal mass of cells that remains at its original site in the body
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Benign tumor
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A seafloor or the bottom of a freshwater lake, pond, river, or stream
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Benthic zone
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An arrangement of body parts such that an organism can be divided equally by a single cut passing longitudinally through it. This type of organism has mirror image right and left sides
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Bilateral symmetry
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A means of asexual reproduction in which a parent organism, often a single cell, divides into two individuals of about equal size
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Binary fission
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A two-part latinized name of a species; for example, Homo sapiens
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Binomial
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All of the variety of life; usually refers to the variety of species that make up a community; concerns both species richness(the total number of different species) and the relative abundance of the different species
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Biodiversity
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The current rapid decline in the variety of life on earth, largely due to the effects of human culture
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Biodiversity crisis
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A small geographic area with an exceptional concentration of species, especially endemic species (those found nowhere else)
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Biodiversity hot spot
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The principle that all life arises by the reproduction of preexisting life
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Biogenesis
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Any of the various chemical circuits occurring in an ecosystem, involving both biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem
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Biogeochemical cycle
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The geographic distribution of species
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Biogeography
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The accumulation of persistent chemicals in the living tissues of consumers in food chains
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Biological magnification
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The definition of a species as a population or group of populations whose members have the potential in nature to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
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Biological species concept
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The scientific study of life
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Biology
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The amount, or mass, of organic material in an ecosystem
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Biomass
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A major type of ecosystem that covers a large geographic region and that is largely determined by climate, usually classified according to predominant vegetation, and characterized by organisms adapted to the particular environments
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Biome
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the human desire to affiliate with other life in its many forms
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Biophilia
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The use of living organisms to detoxify and restore polluted and degraded ecosystems
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Bioremediation
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The global ecosystem; that portion of earth that is alive; all of life and where it lives
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Biosphere
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The use of living organisms (often microbes) to perform useful tasks; today, usually involves DNA technology
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Biotechnology
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The living factors of a biological community; all the organisms that are part of an individual's environment
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Biotic component
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Member of a group of reptiles with feathers and adaptations for flight
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Bird
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A member of a group of molluscs that includes clams, mussels, scallops, and oysters
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Bivalve
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An embryonic stage that marks the end of cleavage during animal development; a hollow ball of cells in many species
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Blastula
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A fluid-containing space between the digestive tract and the body wall
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Body cavity
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A fish that has a stiff skeleton reinforced by calcium salts
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Bony fish
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Genetic drift resulting from a drastic reduction in population size
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Bottleneck effect
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One of a group of marine, multicellular, autotrophic protists, the most common and largest type of seaweed. includes the kelps
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Brown alga
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A type of plant that lacks xylem and phloem; a nonvascular plant these include mosses and their close relatives
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Bryophyte
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A chemical substance that resists changes in pH by accepting hydrogen ions from or donating hydrogen ions to solutions
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Buffer
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