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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the goals and methods of Argentine military
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Goals: stop fall, of the country, staty in power & stop communism
-create a culture of fear -Stop insurgents & communists depoliticize society outlawed political parties not 100% behind military -universities censored &repressed -press highly politicized -despracaidos ? disappeared -World Cup darlings -Congress closed |
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How has the United Sates exerted and maintained its dominance in central America
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Panama: helped them fight Colombia for independence in exchange for the Canal zone until 2000
-tried to influence political parties in CA -occupied Nic, Haiti, DR at one point -marines remained in Nic. 1912-33 -Economic imbalance meant they would follow US lead -Platt amendment -Big Stick Diplomacy vs. Good neighbor Policy -El Salvador > trained army & funded -Nic. > Funded & trained contras -Trade Embargo on Nic. (1985) & Cuba (1960) -Guat. made overthrow of Arbenz (1954) -Bay of Pigs (1961) -Alliance for Progress |
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How has the US respond to revolutions in Latin American?
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-back the military > funds & training
-Ex. El Salvador, Nic., Cuba, Guat. Anyone seen as communist is evil > as long as anti-communist in power they don't care -Fear the spread of communism in its own backyard -got involved > big Stick & then GNP |
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How has the US responded to revolutions in Latin America? Why?
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-Nationalization: more equal land distribution, more equality of wealth (success)
-Agranian reform> failure & success > more even land distribution but working class wanted better wages & jobs -literacy brigades> success > edu. became more available & free, doctors prominent -Basic needs approach > S & F > lower infant mortality rate than Am. & higher life span (during special period couldn't meet them) -Alliance w/ USSR > S & F > during the height they traded surgar for oil but during the special period they were abandoned & poor (GDP low -Universal health care > S |
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What is Liberation Theology and what is its importance to Latin America
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Movement in the church
-ideas promoted by some priests -applied to LA b/c the church & members should be fighting for liberation from ills that affect them -poverty -Structural sin -Institutional violence -Church calling for change > generational -important b/c LA was very poor > in a revolution & this applied to them & also religious |
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Why did the US overthrow Jacobo Arbenz?
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1951-54
-Oligarchy disliked him -introduced "radical" or offensive policies like argranian reform -Land census of 1951/decree 900 -Guat. oligarchy was angry & called him communist -any slight indication of Communism & they wanted him gone |
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Why did the Cuban Revolution become radicalized (i.e. Marxist & Pro-Soviet)?
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Feudalism> capitalism > socialism
-means of production > private vs. state owned -man of the people > had to benefit everyone by land reform & nationalization -US tried to instruct him pushing Castro to the USSR -Bay of Pigs put him in fear of US invasion so he became more authoritanian |
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What was the impact of the Cuban Revolution on Latin American politics outside of Cuba?
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Saw Cuban rev. and follow suit
-FSLN in Nic. & FMLN in Salvador made rev. armies like Che and Castro Am. more aggressive militant more gov. and aggressive In Nic. The ortegas multi-cross gov. & aggressive |
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Why were lengthy military dictatorships so prevalent in the 1960s through the 1980s
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-Usually military quickly put back Civilian rule but didn't this time
America's GNP stressed stability & pro-American -Didn't want a war with America so they provided the stability -Had support in funding from AM. -Saw themselves as a final wall against their country falling -New idealogoies & funds > they thought they had to stay in power & stop communism Civil wars all over the continet |
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Why have Latin American reformists and revolutionaries tended to be anti-American
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Americans funded the military who killed thousands
-hypocritical > wanted to stop communism for killing but they were supporting killers trained battalions like Atlacatl who killed them -covered up human right violations army as Pro-Am so they were different yankee imperialism invaded & ruined countries School of the Americas |
