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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The body's three lines of defense against pathogens:
Essay 1 |
1st line: physical
2nd line: non-specific defense, leukocytes and macrophages, fever 3rd line: specific immunity: cellular and humoral, T & B memory cells |
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Complement system:
Essay 2 |
group of globular proteins for nonspecific and specific immunity.
synthesized by liver and circulated throughout blood |
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classical pathway of complement systems:
essay 2 |
part of SPECIFIC immunity
C1-C9 proteins bind to antigen complex -produces reaction that activates proteins in line -C9 makes tunnel in pathogen, results in cytolysis |
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alternative pathway of complement systems:
essay 2 |
non-specific
no antibody req. C3 degrades in blood (C3a-C3b are present) C3b binds to tumors, viruses, yeasts, bacteria -autocatylic effect (c3 breaks down) -coats pathogen, phagocytosis begins |
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Describe NK cells function in immune surveillance:
Essay 3 |
-circulate and patrol for pathogens
-attach to bacteria, cells infected |
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How NK cells attack:
Essay 3: |
NK binds to target cells
-release perforin, which polymerize in a ring -hole in plasma membrane in middle -secrete granzymes through hole which degrades enzymes causing apoptosis |
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List types of lymphocytes involved in cellular immunity and describe their roles:
Essay 4 |
NK Cells
T-lymphoctes B-lymphocytes |
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T cells
Essay 4 |
born in bone marrow, mature in thymus
-develop into antigen receptors -immunocompetent |
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cell mediated
Essay 4 |
directly attack and destroy diseased or foreign cells, and remembers them for future
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cytotoxic T (Tc) cells:
Essay 4 |
Killer T cells (t8, cd8,cd8+)
effectors of cellular immunity, carry out attack on enemy cells |
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memory (TM) cells
Essay 4 |
descent from cytotoxic T cells, store immune memory
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helper T (TH) cells:
Essay 4 |
(T4, CD4, CD4)
aid Tc Cell and B cell action and nonspecific resistance |
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Regulatory T (TR) cells:
Essay 4 |
T-regs inhibit multiplication and cytokine secretion of T cells limit immune response
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B lymphocytes:
Essay 4 |
fetal stem cells, remain in bone marrow and become B cells
-humoral immunity |
