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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Sir William Jones
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1746-1794
he, along with Henry Thomas Colebrooke and Nathaniel Halhed, founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal, and started a journal called 'Asiatick Researches'. Of all his discoveries, Jones is known today for making and propagating the observation that classical Greek and Latin seemed to have been derived from Sanskrit. In his Third Anniversary Discourse to the Asiatic Society (1786) he suggested that classicalGreek and Latin had a common root - Sanskrit - and that the two may be further related, in turn, to Gothic and the Celtic languages, as well as to Persian. Although his name is closely associated with this observation he was not the first to make it. In a memoir sent to the French Academy of Sciences in 1767 Gaston-Laurent Coeurdoux, a French Jesuit who spent all his life in India, demonstrated the existing analogy between Sanskrit, Latin, Greek and even German and Russian. [3] Jones' third annual discourse before the Asiatic Society on the history and culture of the Hindus (delivered on 2 February 1786 and published in 1788) with the famed "philologer" passage is often cited as the beginning of comparative linguistics and Indo-European studies.[4] |
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Anquetil Duperron
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December 1731-17 January 1805
The Abbé Jean-Jacques Barthélemy procured for him a pension, with the appointment of interpreter of oriental languages at the Royal Library. In 1763 he was elected an associate of the Academy of Inscriptions, and began to arrange for the publication of the materials he had collected during his eastern travels. In 1771 he published his Zend Avesta (3 vols.), containing collections from the sacred writings of the Zoroastrians, a life of Zarathustra (Zoroaster), and fragments of works ascribed to Zoroaster. In 1778 he published at Amsterdam his Legislation orientale, in which he endeavoured to prove that the nature of oriental despotism had been greatly misrepresented. His Recherches historiques et geographiques sur L'Inde appeared in 1786, and formed part of Thieffenthaler's Geography of India. The Revolution seems to have greatly affected him. During that period he abandoned society, and lived in voluntary poverty on a few pence a day. In 1798 he published L'Inde en rapport avec l'Europe (Hamburg, 2 vols.). In 1801 and 1802 he published a Latin translation (2 vols.) from the Persian of the Oupnek'hat or Upanishada. This extremely interesting and influential text, the first translation of a collection of Upanishads into a European language, features not just the Latin translation with many Greek, Persian, and Sanskrit words, but also voluminous notes and essays by Anquetil-Duperron. These contributions by Anquetil-Duperron make up more than half of the "Oupnek'hat's" total page volume |
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William Hodges
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1744 – 6 March 1797
In 1778, under the patronage of Warren Hastings, Hodges travelled to India, one of the first British professional landscape painter to visit that country. He remained there for 6 years, staying in Lucknow with Claude Martin in 1783. In 1793 Hodges published an illustrated book about his travels in India.[3] In late 1794 Hodges opened an exhibition of his own works in London that included two large paintings called The Effects of Peace and The Effects of War. In late January, 1795, with Britain engaged in the War of the First Coalition against Revolutionary France and feelings running high, the exhibition was visited by Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, the second son of King George III. The Duke took offence at the political nature of Hodges' paintings |
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William Daniells
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1769–1837
an English landscape and marine painter, and engraver. He travelled extensively in the Far East, helping to produce one of the finest illustrated volumes of the period - Oriental Scenery. He also travelled around the coastline of Britain to paint watercolours for the equally ambitious book A Voyage Round Great Britain. His work was exhibited at the Royal Academy and the British Institution and he became a Royal Academician in 1822 |
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Ram Raz
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First Indian scholar to publish an Essay about Hindu architecture Indian Writer 1815- Famous for "Essay on Indian". Raz’ work attempted to reveal a clear and sensible method whereby the author attempted to understand the form of south Indian architecture by referring to a Sanskrit work on architecture and the living practitioners of the art, traditional architectural practice being very much alive at that time. Ram Raz was the first to get ahold of a text called Manasara although he was unable to understand it fully. He proceeded to verify the text’s accuracy by referencing surviving monuments. His method was not taken up for almost one hundred years. Followed by the work of James Fergusson.
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James Prinsep
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English scholar, Orientalist 1799-1840
master of the mint at Calcutta and the first of the great modern historians of India, had just deciphered the Brahmi script, an event which promised to revolutionize every aspect of the study of ancient India. In less than ten years, Prinsep’s work arranged the previous chaotic scholarship on Indian history. |
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James Fergusson
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1806-1886 figure of the greatest importance in the study of Indian architecture, particularly during the nineteenth century. By him, the foundation for a scientific study of Indian architecture was well and truly laid. In the context of the nineteenth century, it was of exceptional quality. Noted from Chandra that Fergusson was biased due to this Anglo-Saxon background, as he was racist (vernacular). Although Fergusson applied so-called world principles of architecture to his study. Fergusson’s understanding of the subject of Hindu architecture developed without any preconceived notions, was eminently sound. He was not a professional scholar. He was trained as a businessman and early in life became an indigo planter and partner in a large commercial establishment in India. He plunged into his architectural research while living in India from 1829 to 1847. His interest in architecture led him to publish Rock Cut Temples of India (1845) and History of Indian and Far Eastern Architecture.
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Alexander Cunningham
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1814-1893
Came under the strong influence of Prinsep. The career he embarked upon made him one of the pioneers of Indian archaeology. The Archaeological Study of India was established in 1865 through Cunningham’s efforts after he retired as a military officer. He was then able to expand the style of architecture systematically on the explorations taken up by Fergusson. He discovered (as we currently know) and described a large number of temples over north India in Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan. His own contribution was to trace the development of Gupta architecture. He postulated that the development of a flat-roofed temple to one with a spire was due to evolution. His main achievement was an expansion on the number of monuments. He insisted that evidence of inscription deserved principle attention rather than architecture. Refer to James Burgess number 5, a follower of Fergusson. |
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Gabriel Jouveau-Dubreuil
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Iconographer of southern India
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Thomas Huxley
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Raja Rajendralal
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1823/24-1891
as the first modern Indologist of Indian origin, and was a key figure in the Bengal Renaissance. [1] He was pioneer in scientific study of history and contributed substantially in the field of archaeology.[2] Eminent Historian Professor R.S. Sharma writes of him as, "A great lover of ancient heritage, he took a rational view of ancient society and produced a forceful tract to show that in ancient times people ate beef."[3] He was the author of Antiquities of Orissa (1872). In 1846 he was appointed librarian of the Asiatic Society, and to that society the remainder of his life was devoted—as philological secretary, as vice-president, and as the first Indian president in 1885.[4] Indo-Aryans (2 vols, 1881), a collection of essays dealing with the manners and customs of the people of India from Vedic times. |
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Ananda Coomaraswamy
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image of the buddha
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Paul Mus
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M.A. Dhaky
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One of his most famous publications in 1975 was about the two classes of architecture in "Genesis and Development of Maru-Gurjara Temple Architecture"
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Alfred Foucher
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image of the buddha`
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T.A. Gopinath Rao
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Iconographers
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B.C. Bhattacharya
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Iconographers
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J.N. Banerjee
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Iconographers
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M.T. de Mallmann
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V. Dehejia
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Survey Text of Indian Art (1988)
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Partha Mitter
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Much Maligned Monsters was Mitter's most famous publication in 1987.
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Susan Huntington
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Arts of Ancient India (3rd generation)
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Promad Chandra
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Wrote a publication called On the Art of India, chronicling the "high" arts of India, painting, sculpture, and architecture. Also, noting the important figures throughout these medias and dates that they were active.
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Roy Craven
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1924-
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K.R. Srinivasan
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Engineer...
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David Kinsley (Goddess)
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1939-2000 He received his BA from Drew University in 1961, his BD from Union Theological Seminary in 1964 and his PhD from the University of Chicago in 1970. From his early days as a graduate student, David was captivated by the wondrous diversity of human religious experience. Hinduism, in particular, fascinated him, and over his lifetime he made many research trips to India to study Hindu gods and goddesses, rituals and festivals. At McMaster University, where he taught for more than 30 years, he developed thematic, cross-cultural courses as well as courses devoted to contemporary issues spanning a variety of religious traditions. There usually were no textbooks where David ventured, no well-defined boundaries. So, with the editorial help of his wife, Cary, he wrote seven major books which are now being used by colleagues far and wide. The bibliography which is attached below gives a very good idea of the full extent of his interests.
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Thomas Coburn
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Religious scholar and a former president of Naropa University, serving 2003-09. Coburn also served as a faculty member in the Graduate Religious Studies program, although he did not teach for the program during his tenure. He is currently a visiting scholar at Brown University.[1] Coburn served from 1996 to 2002 as the vice president of the university and dean of academic affairs at St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York. He was also the Charles A. Dana Professor of Religious Studies and had served on the faculty since 1974.[2]
Dr. Coburn is an author specializing in South and East Asia and the Islamic world. He is considered one of the world's leading experts on the Hindu tradition of the great goddess, having written both Encountering the Goddess: a translation of the Devi-Mahatmaya and a Study of its Interpretation and Devi Mahatmya, The Crystallization of the Goddess Tradition. Coburn contributed to writings about the art of teaching in Leading from Within: Poetry that Sustain |
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P. Pal
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Pal was born in Bangladesh and grew up in Calcutta. He did his doctorate in fine arts and history from University of Calcutta. He completed PhD with special focus on Nepal under the guidance of historian Nihar Ranjan Roy. In 1962 he received Commonwealth Scholarship of Cambridge and got his second PhD. In 1967 he moved to USA and took curatorial position at the world famous Museum of Fine Arts at Boston. He joined Los Angeles County Museum of Art in 1970. Currently he is connected to the research activities at the Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, Los Angeles and is a visiting curator of Indian, Himalayan and Southeast Asian Art at the Art Institute of Chicago. His famous books include, Dancing to the flute: Music and Dance in Indian Art, Light of Asia.
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Richard H. Davis
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(Ph.D. '87, University of Wisconsin, South Asian Language and Literature: Religions of South Asia) teaches in the field of South Asian religions, especially Hinduism, as well as gender and religion, popular Hindi cinema, and Sanskrit. Professor Erndl's publications include Victory to the Mother: The Hindu Goddess of Northwest India in Myth, Ritual and Symbol (Oxford, 1993), a co-edited collection of essays entitled Is the Goddess a Feminist? The Politics of South Asian Goddesses (New York University Press and Sheffield Academic Press, 2001), and articles on Sakta traditions, spirit possession, women's religious expressions, methodology, and gender issues in Hinduism. She is currently writing a book entitled The Play of the Mother: Women, Goddess Possession, and Power in Hinduism. Other research interests include interactions among Hindus, Muslims, and Buddhists in India, cross-cultural appropriations of Indian goddesses in North America, Hinduism in the Caribbean, and Bollywood. Profes
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Kathleen Erndl
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(Ph.D. '87, University of Wisconsin, South Asian Language and Literature: Religions of South Asia) teaches in the field of South Asian religions, especially Hinduism, as well as gender and religion, popular Hindi cinema, and Sanskrit. Professor Erndl's publications include Victory to the Mother: The Hindu Goddess of Northwest India in Myth, Ritual and Symbol (Oxford, 1993), a co-edited collection of essays entitled Is the Goddess a Feminist? The Politics of South Asian Goddesses (New York University Press and Sheffield Academic Press, 2001), and articles on Sakta traditions, spirit possession, women's religious expressions, methodology, and gender issues in Hinduism. She is currently writing a book entitled The Play of the Mother: Women, Goddess Possession, and Power in Hinduism. Other research interests include interactions among Hindus, Muslims, and Buddhists in India, cross-cultural appropriations of Indian goddesses in North America, Hinduism in the Caribbean, and Bollywood. Profes
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Diana Eck
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Diana L. Eck (born 1945 in Bozeman, Montana) is a religious scholar who is Professor of Comparative Religion and Indian Studies at Harvard University, as well as a Master of Lowell House and the Director of The Pluralism Project at Harvard. Among other works, she is the author of Banaras, City of Light, Darsan: Seeing the Divine Image in India, Encountering God: A Spiritual Journey from Bozeman to Banaras, and A New Religious America: How a Christian Country Became the World's Most Religiously Diverse Nation. At Harvard, she is in the Department of Sanskrit and Indian Studies, the Committee on the Study of Religion, and is also a member of the Faculty of Divinity. She has been reappointed the chair for the Committee on the Study of Religion, a position which she held from 1990 to 1998.
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John Hawley
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specializes in the devotional traditions of North India. He was educated at Amherst College (European History, B.A. 1963), Union Theological Seminary (Hebrew Bible, M.Div. 1966), and Harvard University (Comparative Religion, Hinduism, 1977). He has taught at Barnard and Columbia since 1986. Hawley has written or edited sixteen books and contributed articles to numerous journals. Several of his books ("At Play with Krishna"; "Krishna, the Butter Thief"; "Sur Das: Poet, Singer, Saint; The Divine Consort") focus especially on the worship of Krishna and his consort Radha. Others ("Songs of the Saints of India," "Three Bhakti Voices," and the edited volumes "The Life of Hinduism, Sati: The Blessing and the Curse," and "Devi: Goddesses of India") take a broader view, exploring themes in Hindu poetry and hagiography and in modern Hindu religion. Several edited volumes are comparative: one centers on religious exemplitude ("Saints and Virtues"), another on "Fundamentalism and Gender"
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Michael Hutt
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Michael Hutt was educated at St. Austell Grammar School, and St. Austell Sixth Form College before completing a BA in South Asian Studies (Hindi) in 1980 and a Ph.D. on the history of the Nepali language and its literature in 1984, both at SOAS. In 1987 he returned to SOAS as a British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow, and has been engaged in teaching and research relating to Nepal here ever since. He was Head of the South Asia Department from 1995-9, and has served as both Associate Dean (2002-4) and Dean (2004–10) of the Faculty of Languages and Cultures.[1] Prof. Hutt is a member of Centre of South Asian Studies and the Centre for Cultural, Literary and Postcolonial Studies at SOAS. In 2011 the Chancellor of the Nepal Academy presented Prof. Hutt with the Nai Derukha International Award ‘for his continuous dedication to promoting the study of Nepali literature in the international arena’
Noted for Bhutanese refugee issue |
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James Burgess
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career coincided with that of Cunningham, early to mid-nineteenth century.
Did not follow the same philosophical enquiry as Fergusson. Provided rather thoroughly researched documentation, which according to Chandra, is superior to Cunningham’s unconnected and episodic presentations. Burgess’s ideal was carefully arranged with full and accurate descriptions of the monuments indicating their relations to whatever is already know |
