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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biodiversity |
Total diversity, including habitat diversity, genetic diversity, and diversity of species |
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Species diversity |
based on Number of species (richness) and Relative proportions (evenness) |
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Habitat Diversity |
number of habitats in an ecosystem or biome |
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genetic diversity |
the range of genetic material present in a population |
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diversity incides |
pollution, recent colonisation, eutrophication |
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human clones - good or not? |
good - same crop produced fast, bad - if disease all dies |
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high biodiversity - good |
different plants surviving different floods, droughts, attacks of insects genetic - resistant to diseases plants with deep roots cycling nutrients |
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high biodiversity - bad |
result of fragmentation managing grazing could b difficult |
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hotspot |
area w high biodiversity under threat of human activities |
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endemic species |
species only found in one place, often hotspots |
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why are hotspots tropical |
fewer limitations |
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70% |
of the habitat has already been lost |
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1500 |
species already endemic |
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Atlantic forest, Brazil |
20k plant species, 8k endemic plant species, 2.7% |
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Natural selection |
variation, some individuals be better fit than others, advantage to reproduce more successfully, offspring of those may inherit the gene |
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speciesation |
when new species are created due to becoming isolated and evolving differently |
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Isolations |
mountain building, changes in rivers/sea level, climate change, or tectonic plate change |
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mass extinctions caused by |
plate techtonics, super-volcanic eruptions, droughts, ice ages, meteor |
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evolution/natural selection |
-each individual is different -adapted to its environment -resources are limited, competition -some individuals will be more successful -they will reproduce |
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natural extinction rate |
one species per year per million of species |
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holoscene extinction event |
climate change |
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humans directly causing ecosystem stress: |
-introduction of alien species -transform the environment -overexploit species -pollute |
