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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RED FLAGS: Motor development
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HEAD 4 M
SIT 8 M STAND 12 M WALK 18 M |
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Motor development normals:
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6w head control
6m sit 8m crawl (85%) 10m cruise 12m walk 2.5 Y run/jump |
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RED FLAGS: Fine motor and visual
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FIX/FOLLOW 3 M
REACH 6M PALMAR 8M MIDLINE 8M PINCER 12M |
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Fine motor and visual normals:
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6w fix and follow
4m reaching out 6m palmar grip 7m midline transfer 10m pincer grip 18m squiggles with crayon, tower building. 2y line, 3y circle, 4y cross, 5y triangle |
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RED FLAGS: Hearing and speech
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STARTLE NEWBORN
VOCALISES 7M BABBLE 10M 6 WORDS 18M 2 WORD-GROUP 2Y 3 WORD-GROUP 2.5Y |
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Hearing and speech normals
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Newborn wakes and startles
4m vocalises and enjoys speech/laughter 7m turns head to sound 7m (da...da) 10m appropriate sounds (Dada) 12M 2/3 words + mama dada 18M 6-10 words, body parts 2Y 2 - 3 word group 3Y talks constantly, 3-4+ words per sentence, understands two stage command. |
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RED FLAGS: Social
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SMILE 8W
STRANGER FEAR 10M FEED (SPOON) 18M SYMBOLIC PLAY 2.5Y SOCIAL PLAY 3.5Y |
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Social, emotional and behavioural normals
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6w smile
6-8 m finger feed 12 m wave bye bye, drink 18 m helps dress, spoon/bowl 2 Y symbolic play 2 Y potty daytime 3 Y social play/turn taking |
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Estimated weight calculation
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0-12 = (0.5 x months) + 4
1-5 = (2 x age) + 8 6-12 = (3 x age) + 7 |
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Neonatal/Infant Daily fluid requirement
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150ml / kilo / day usually in 4-6 feeds.
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Normal expected weight gain
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AGE (m) Weight gain (g/w)
0-3 200 4-6 150 7-9 100 9-12 50-75 |
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Weaning advice
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1: 6-8M
Solid foods of negligible nutritional value. No wheat content No added salt/sugar Avoid cow's milk + 500-600ml milk 2: 8-10M Increase variety/volume Raw fruit + soft veg Iron rich foods + 500-600ml milk with some cow's 3. 1Y + Cow's milk as main drink 3 meals a day mashed family foods 500-600ml any milk |
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Immunisation schedule
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2m DTaP, polio, Hib, PCV
3m DTaP, polio, Hib, Men C 4m DTaP, polio, Hib, Men C, PCV 1 Y: Hib, Men C 13m MMR + Pn 3.5 Y : DTaP, polio, MMR 12Y HPV female 13+ Tet, Dipth, Polio |
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Maintenance fluid in children over 24 hours:
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100ml/kg for first 10kg
50ml/kg for next 10kg 20ml/kg for rest |
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Types of fluid resus.
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.45% saline with 5% dextrose
.9% saline with 5% dextrose .9% saline ("normal saline" for bolus) |
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Fluid bolus in children:
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Given in SHOCK, stat.
20ml/kg (10ml/kg in trauma) |
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Assessing clinical shock
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low consciousness
pale/mottled skin cold extremeties tachycardia tachypnoea weak pulses prolonged cap. refill hypotension |
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Fluid replacement in SHOCK
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Bolus (normal saline)
then reassess If still shocked, bolus again etc +Maintenance + 100ml/kg/24hr 0.9% saline with 5% dextrose |
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Fluid replacement in dehydration
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Maintenance fluid
+ 50ml/kg/24hr 0.9% saline with 5% dextrose |
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How does paediatric BLS differ to adult BLS?
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"sniff the morning air" child.
neutral infant 5 rescue breaths before CPR |
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Pyloric stenosis
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2-7 weeks of age
PROJECTILE vomit Otherwise well child Hunger Hypochloraemic alkalosis Hypokalaemia |
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Intussusception
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3m - 3y
Colicy pain (pale, curl up) Sausage mass/distension "Redcurrant jelly" Shock Peritonitis USS Insufflation works in 75% (C/I in peritonitis) 25% surgical reduction |
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Hirschsprung's
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M>F , 30% have FH
Assoc. with Down's Neonatal (meconium failure) Abdo distension Vomiting Rectal biopsy; surgery |
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Meningococcal emergency IM "Ben Pen" dosage in the community
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< 1 year 300 mg
1 - 10 years 600 mg > 10 years 1200 mg |
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Croup is most commonly caused by...
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Parainfluenza virus
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Epiglossitis is caused by...
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Haemophilus Influenzae B
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Adrenaline dose in anaphylaxis, paediatrics
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< 6 years: 0.15ml 1 in 1,000
> 6 years: 0.30ml 1 in 1,000 |
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Oral steroid for acute asthma exacerbation
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Should be given to all children
20mg for under 5 30-40 for over 5 |
