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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adaptive Management |
A plan that provides flexibility so that managers can modify it as changes occur |
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Alpha Diversity |
The diversity within a particular area or ecosystem. Expressed by species richness or Simpson's Diversity |
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Beta Diversity |
The change in species diversity between these ecosystems. Expressed by Whittaker
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Buffer Zone |
Areas with less stringent controls on land use, but that can still meet the requirements of many species |
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Communnity |
All of the populations of organisms within a given area |
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HIPCO |
Habitat loss, Invasive species, Pollution, Climate change, Over harvesting |
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Core Habitat |
The core is untouchable by people in a biosphere reserve. Meant to keep habitat in pristine condition |
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Demographic Transition |
The transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops.
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Ecosystem Management |
Conserves major ecological services and restore natural resources while meeting the socioeconomic and cultural needs of future generations |
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Edge Effect |
The changes in population or community that occur at the boundary of two habitats. |
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Habitat Corridors |
Linear patches that connect blocks of habitat . Can reduce the effects of fragmentation by preventing isolation of population.
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Habitat Fragmentation |
Creates isolated patches of landscape that can have harmful effects on biodiversity. Occurs because of human activities like new roads, housing developments. |
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Habitat Matrix |
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Metapopulation |
A group of spatially distinct populations that are connected by occasional movements of individuals between them
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Permeability |
The ability of a substance to allow another substance to pass through it (concrete is not permeable) |
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Rescue Effect |
A species arriving on an island may already be represented there and so may have the effect of reducing the chance of the extinction of that species from the island. |
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Species-area Curve |
The relationship between the area of habitat and the number of species found within the area. Calculated with species richness over area |
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Species Evenness |
The relative proportion of different species in a given area
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Species Richness |
The number of species in a given area
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Survivorship Curve |
A graph that represents the distinct patterns of species survival as a function of age
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Stakeholder |
A person or organization with an interest in a particular place or issue |
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Stepping Stone |
Smaller, unconnected areas of preserved or restored habitat. Initially used to promote bird or insect movement |
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Simpson's Diversity |
The probability that two randomly selected individuals belong to different species
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Shannon's Diversity |
The relative uncertainty of the species-identity of an individual chosen at random.
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Whittaker's Formula for Beta Diversity |
Species turnover along a gradient |
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Nitrogen Cycle Step One |
Nitrogen is a limiting factor 1) Nitrogen Fixation- organisms convert N2 into ammonia |
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Nitrogen Cycle Step Two |
2) Producers obtain fixed nitrogen, they take it in. Producers and consumers die, and then decompose |
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Nitrogen Cycle Step Three |
3) Ammonification: fungal and bacterial decomposers use nitrogen waste as food source and excrete ammonium |
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Nitrogen Cycle Step Four |
4) Nitrification: Converted into nitrate |
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Nitrogen Cycle Step Five |
5) Dentrifiying bactera in oxygen-poor soil convert nitrate into nitrous oxide, and eventually nitrogen gas. |