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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is organic matter
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trees, bushes, grass, gluclose
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What element is necessary for organic matter to decay or decompose
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oxygen
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In what situation does organic matter not decay (therefore gets preserved)
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ocean basin
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stagnant body of water, 600ft or deeper
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what are two factors that control the type of coal that forms
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time and pressure
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How does gravity as a process link the process of weathering with the process of stream erosion
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sediment is eroded to where it is weathered by the stream
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What are two common triggers of landslides
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earthquakes and man's activities
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How do rockfalls, rock slides, debris flows, debris slides, mudslides, mud flows, slumps and creeps differ
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slope, sediment type and time of fall are all very different, some are wet while others are dry
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What factors control the velocity of a stream?
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slope, channel shape and discharge
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What causes a river to flood?
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More rain fall than discharge
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talus slope
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mound of angular rock of all sizes which have fallen from a cliff/very steep slope above and come to rest at the base of the cliff
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Angle of repose
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35
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Rockfall
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all size rocks
cliff slope split second dry |
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Rockslide
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all size rocks
steep slope seconds dry |
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Debris slide
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rock, regolith, soil, plants
steep slope seconds to minutes dry |
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Debris flow
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rock, regolith, soil, plants
moderate to gentle slope minutes to hours wet |
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Mudslide
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mud (slit and mostly clay)
moderate to gentle slope minutes to hours dry |
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Mudflow
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mud (slit and mostly clay)
gentle slope hours to days very wet |
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Creep
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All surfaces
many slopes years dry |
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Slump
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cliff
moderate slope minutes to years dry |
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Channel
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wide and shallow
narrow and deep C-channel |
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discharge
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volume of water flowing past a point during a unit of time.
changes with seasons |
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crest (flood)
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highest depth for a particular flood
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wane
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water level decreases
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flood
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when a stream overflows the bank
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floodplain
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flat area on both sides of a stream
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meander
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channel curves back and forth
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neck
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land between parts of channel
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cutoff channel
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new channel produced from meandering
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ox-bow lake
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blocked off of old stream
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V-shape in mountains
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youthful stream
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Groundwater
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water under ground
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pore
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hole, space between sediment grains
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pore throat
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space connecting pores
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porosity
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amount (%) of rock which is pore space
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permeability
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ease of water flow from pore to pore
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aquifer
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rock that contains water which can be used
sandstone, limestone |
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aquiclude (aquitard)
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rock which prevents water movement
shale |
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recharge
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where water enters an aquifer
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discharge
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where water exits an aquifer
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spring
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where water comes "up from below", exits at surface
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well
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man-made
flows naturally or usually pumped |
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confined aquifer
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shale both above and below an aquifer, limited area of recharge and discharge
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cone of depression
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an area of of the aquifer surrounding a well which contains no water do to greater rate of discharge
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unconfined aquifer
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recharge occurs anywhere rainwater falls
still may have limited area of discharge |
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zone of aeration
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area below surface where pores are filled with air most of the time
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zone of saturation
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area below surface where pores are filled with water all of the time
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sink holes
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when a cave near surface can no longer hold up its ceiling.
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