Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How big is Earth?
|
Circumference= 40,000 km
Radius= 6,371 km |
|
|
What are the four reservoirs that make up the Earth system
|
Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, Geosphere
|
|
|
What are the compositional layers of the solid Earth
|
Crust, mantle, core
|
|
|
How was the moon formed?
|
Giant Mars-like planet collided with the Earth and shot debris out into space. Evidence for this is the lack of iron on the moon and the tilt of Earth's axis
|
|
|
What is the Nebular Hypothesis?
|
Big cloud of gas, gravity causes the cloud to collapse which concentrates mass in the center. Gets hot on the inside and cool on the outside. Condensed material inside the cloud accretes and make planetesimals.
|
|
|
Where did Earth's oceans and atmosphere come from?
|
Believed to have originated from the outgassing of Earth's interior
|
|
|
What is energy?
|
The ability to do work
|
|
|
What is work?
|
Force x Distance
|
|
|
What is Kinetic Energy?
|
Energy of motion 1/2mv^2
|
|
|
What is Potential Energy?
|
Energy of position mgh
|
|
|
What is latent heat energy?
|
Energy absorbed or released during changes of states
|
|
|
Where does Earth get its energy from?
|
Sun, radioactive decay, gravity (tides), comet/meteorite impacts, energy from core crystalization, leftover heat from formation
|
|
|
What is risk?
|
Potential for harm
|
|
|
What is hazard?
|
Probability of a particular event occuring
|
|
|
What is vulnerability?
|
Amount of exposure to the hazard
|
|
|
What is mitigation?
|
Limiting vulnerability
|
|
|
What is a Joule?
|
1 J= (kg)(m)^2 / s^2
|
|
|
How is the atmosphere structured?
|
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
|
|
|
What are the boundaries between the layers of atmosphere?
|
Tropopause, stratopause, mesopause
|
|
|
What differentiates the different layers of atmosphere from each other?
|
Atmospheric pressure, and temperature
|
|
|
Where does weather occur in the atmosphere?
|
Troposphere
|
|
|
How does pressure affect the temperature of a fluid?
|
More pressure=hotter
Less pressure=cooler |
|
|
What is adiabatic cooling?
|
The change in temperature due to a change in pressure
|
|
|
What is the lapse rate? What is the adiabatic lapse rate?
|
Lapse Rate=6C/km
Adiabatic Lapse Rate=10C/km |
|
|
What is relative humidity/
|
The amount of water the air holds.
How much water in the air/How much water the air can hold |
|
|
What is the Pressure Gradient Force?
|
Fluids from from high pressure to low pressure
|
|
|
What effect does the Coriolis force have on the movement of objects in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
|
In the Northern Hemisphere objects move to their right, while in the Southern Hemisphre objects move to their left
|
|
|
What is the Rossby Number (RO)
|
The Rossby Number is a measure of Coriolis force
If RO>1 then no coriolis If RO<1 then coriolis |
|
|
What is the Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar Cells?
|
Hadley is just above the equator, then Ferrel, then Polar
|
|
|
How does air move around a low pressure system in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
|
In the Northern Hemisphere air moves counter clockwise around the system, and in the Southern Hemisphere the air moves clockwise
|
