Errors In Speech Production

Front 1

What is a shift?

Back 1

One speech segment disappears from its appropriate location and appears somewhere else.

Example: that’s so she’ll be ready in case she decide to hits it.

(decides to hit it)

Front 2

What is an exchange?

Back 2

Essentially, a double shift: two linguistic units exchange places.

Example: fancy getting your model renosed.

(nose remodeled)

Front 3

What is an anticipation?

Back 3

A later segment takes the place of an earlier one.

Example: I'll bake my bike.

(take my bike)

Front 4

What is aperseveration?

Back 4

An earlier segment replaces a later item.

Example: He pulled a pantrum.

(tantrum)

Front 5

What is an addition?

Back 5

Linguistic material is being added.

Example: I'll be clareful next time.

(careful)

Front 6

What is a deletion?

Back 6

Linguistic material is being left out.

Example: I'll just get up and mutter intelligibly.

(intelligently)

Front 7

What is a substitution?

Back 7

One segment is replaced by an intruder.

Example: at low speeds it’s too light.

(heavy)

(light = intruder, word should not be there)

Front 8

What is a blend?

Back 8

Two items are blended/fused into a single item.

Example: that child is looking to be spaddled.

(spanked & saddled)