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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Elizabeth Loftus (prof at UCI)
research: memory is often ________ at time of retrieval |
reconstructed
akin to preference construction extremely important legal implications many cases of people "remembering" abuse after "forgetting" about it for years |
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Faulty eyewitness testimony accounts for more wrongful convictions than all other factors combined
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implicated in 75% of all wrongful convictions
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Creeping Determinism
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outcomes seem more likely after we know the outcome
implications: I could/should have predicted that leads to blame after the fact |
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hindsight bias
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the "I knew it all along" effect
documented in elections, pregnancy tests, medical diagnoses, games, etc to reduce, explicitly consider how past events might have turned out differently |
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to reduce hindsight bias
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provide reasons for each possible outcome
show written record of earlier thoughts engaging in counter-factual thinking |
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hindsight bias =
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creeping determinism
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hedonic treadmill
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the tendency of a person to remain at a relatively stable level of happiness despite changes in fortune or the achievement of major goals
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Impact bias
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people predict a longer and more intense feelings shift to result from significant events than are actually experienced
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Sources of impact bias
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focalism
(tendency to focus on a central event while neglecting relevant contextual cues) immune neglect (failure to realize that one often "explains away" negative events memory biases atypical events are most memorable; we use them to predict future experiences |
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people are happier when their choices are
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irrevocable
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