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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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erosion |
the process by which sediment and other materials are moved from one place to another |
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deposition |
the process by which eroded material is dropped |
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3 main factors that control what sediment can carry |
1. gradient - measure of the change in elevation over distance 2. load - materials carried by a stream 3. discharge - the amount of water that a stream carries in a given amount of time |
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channel |
the path that a stream follows |
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floodplain |
many layers of deposited sediment form a flat area |
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delta |
a stream deposits its load in a fan-shaped pattern |
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meanders |
curves and bends that form a twisting, looping pattern in a stream channel |
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oxbow lake |
a crescent-shaped lake formed when a stream cuts a new channel that bypasses a meander |
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alluvial fan |
a fan-shaped deposit that forms on dry land |
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groundwater |
water located within the rocks below the Earth's surface |
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sinkhole |
a circular depression that occurs when the roof of a cave collapses |
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shoreline |
place where land and water meet |
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headlands |
the first parts of the shoreline that waves meet or pieces of land that project into the water |
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longshore current |
caused by waves hitting the shore at an angle |
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sea cliff |
waves erode and undercut rock to make step slopes |
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wave-cut platform |
almost flat because rocks eroded from the cliff scrape away at the platform |
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sea caves |
waves cut deeply into cracks and form large holes |
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sea arch |
sea cave erodes even further and cuts a hole through the headland |
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sea stacks |
when the top of a sea arch collapses |
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beach |
area of shoreline this is made up of material deposited by waves and currents. |
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sandbar |
underwater or exposed ridge of sand, gravel or shell material
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barrier island |
long, narrow island, usually made of sand that forms parallel to the shoreline a short distance offshore |
