Erick Erickson Developmental Theory

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Psychosocial theory

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Erik Erikson's theory of delvelopment. Development is a sequence of central life crises. In each of these crises there is a possible favorable outcome and a possible unfavorable outcome. Development occurred through resolution of conflicts between needs and social demands.

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Phases of psychosocial theory

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trust vs mistrust,
autonomy vs shame and doubt
initiative versus guilt
industry versus inferiority
identity versus role confusion,
intimacy versus isolation
generativity versus stagnation,
Integrity versus despair

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Trust vs Mistrust

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first phase of Psychosocial theory first year of life. if resolved successfully the child will come to trust his or her environment, if unresolved child will be suspicious of world possible throughout life

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Autonomy vs shame and doubt

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Second phase of psychosocial theory 1-3 years Favorable outcome: feeling of will and ability to exercise choice as as well as self-restraint. Child will have sense of competence and autonomy. Unfavorable outcome: sense of doubt and lack of control. A feeling that what happens to one is a result of external forces rather than one's own volition

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Initiative Vs guilt

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Third phase
3-6 years
favorable outcomes: purpose, ability to initiate activity and ability to enjoy accomplishment. Neg: Child will be so overcome by fear of punishment that the child may unduly restrict himself or may overcompensate by showing off

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Industry vs Inferiority

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Fourth phase of psychosocial theory
6-12
Favorable: child will feel competent and will be able to exercise his or her abilities and intelligence in the world and affect world in way child desires.
Unfavorable: Results in a sense of inadequacy a sense of inability to act in a competent manner, low self-esteem

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Identity vs. Role confusion

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Fifth phase of psychosocial theory
during adolescence
Favorable: ability to see oneself as a unique and integrated person with sustainted loyalties
Unfavorable: confusion of one's identity and a kind of amorphous personality that shifts from day to day

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Intimacy versus isolation

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sixth phase of psychosocial theory
young adulthood
Favorable: ability to have intimate relationships with others. Ability to commit oneself to another person and one's own goals.
UnfavorableUnfavorable; Avoidance of commitment kind of alienation and distancing of oneself from others and one's ideals

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Generativity versus stagnation

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seventh phase of psychosocial theory
Middle age
Favorable: individual capable of being productive, caring, contributing memeber of society.
Unfavorable: one aquires a sense of stagnation and may become self-indulgent bored and self-centered

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Integrity vs despair

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Final phase of psychosocial theory
Old age
Favorable: acceptance that one's life has been worth while
Unfavorable: Feeling that life has been worthless