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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Projectile electrons travel from _____.
a.anode to cathode b.cathode to anode c.target to patient d.inner shell to outer shell |
b.cathode to anode
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2. During an exposure, most of the _____ energy of the projectile electrons is converted to _____.
a. kinetic, x-rays b. x-ray, kinetic c. kinetic, heat d. heat, kinetic |
c. kinetic, heat
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3. At the target, the projectile electrons interact with _____.
a. outer-shell electrons b. inner-shell electrons c. atomic nuclei d. both A and B |
d. both A and B
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4. The efficiency of x-ray production is _____ the tube current.
a. indirectly proportional to b. directly proportional to c. not affected by d. strongly affected by |
c.not affected by
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5. Most of the heat generated at the target is due to _____.
a.inner-shell ionization b.outer-shell excitation c.nucleus bombardment d.K x-rays |
b.outer-shell excitation
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6. The production of heat at the anode is directly proportional to _____.
a.rotor speed b.filament current c.kVp d.tube current |
d. tube current
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7. The efficiency of x-ray production increases as _____ increases.
a. mA b. kVp c. time d. both A and B |
b. KVp
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8. Approximately _____ of the kinetic energy of the projectile electrons is converted to x-rays at the target.
a. 1% b. 10% c. 50% d. 99% |
a. 1%
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9. Electron interactions at the inner-shell of the target atoms produce _____ radiation.
a. gamma b. Bremsstrahlung c. characteristic d. all of the above |
c. characteristic
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10. The useful characteristic x-rays from tungsten targets are _____ x-rays.
a. K-shell b. L-shell c. M-shell d. N-shell |
a. K-shell
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11. Characteristic K-shell x-rays have an effective energy of _____ keV.
a. 0.6 b. 3 c. 12 d. 69 |
d. 69
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12. Most of the x-rays produced at the target are _____.
a. bremsstrahlung b. characteristic c. gamma d. beta |
a. bremsstrahlung
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13. At 55 kVp, _____ of the x-rays produced are bremsstrahlung.
a.15% b. 80% c. 100% d. none |
c. 100%
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14. Bremsstrahlung x-rays are produced by _____ at the target.
a. outer shell excitation b. slowing electrons c. K-shell interactions d. L-shell interactions |
B. slowing electrons
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15. Characteristic x-rays are produced by _____.
a. braking electrons b. excitation of outer shell electrons c. nuclear fragmentation d. released binding energy |
d. released binding energy
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16. The quantity of bremsstrahlung radiation increases proportionately with increased _____.
a. kVp b. mAs c. filtration d. rotor speed |
b. mAs
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17. An exposure taken at 100 kVp would have a continuous emission spectrum with a maximum energy of _____ keV.
a. 30 b. 69 c. 100 d. 140 |
c. 100
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18. The _____ of an x-ray beam is higher when the peak of the emission spectrum is further to the _____.
a. quality, right b. quantity, right c. quality, left d. quantity, left |
a. quality, right
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19. An increase in mAs would _____ the _____ of the emission spectrum.
a. increase, position alone b. increase, amplitude alone c. increase, amplitude and position d. not affect, amplitude and position |
b. increase, amplitude alone
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20. An increase in kVp would _____ the _____ of the emission spectrum.
a. increase, position alone b. increase, amplitude alone c. increase, amplitude and position d. not affect, amplitude and position |
c. increase, amplitude and position
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21. Changes in _____ result in directly proportional changes in the amplitude of the emission spectrum.
a. mA b. time c. kVp d. both A and B |
d. both A and B
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22. The discrete portion of the x-ray emission spectrum would change position with a change in _____.
a. kVp b. target material c. voltage ripple d. both A and B |
b. target material
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23. The amplitude of the emission spectrum with a _____ generator is _____ it is with a three-phase generator.
a. single-phase, lower than b. high frequency, lower than c. single-phase, higher than d. single-phase, the same as |
a. single-phase, lower than
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24. A 15% increase in kVp is equivalent to _____.
a. increasing the mAs 15% b. doubling the mAs c. Increasing the mAs times d. tripling the mAs |
b. doubling the mAs
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25. How does added filtration affect the emission spectrum?
a. increased amplitude and a shift to the right b. increased amplitude and a shift to the right c. reduced amplitude and a shift to the right d. reduced amplitude and a shift to the left |
c. reduced amplitude and a shift to the right
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If filling a K shell vacancy, which shell electron would produce the highest energy characteristic photon?
A. L shell B. M shell C. N shell D. O shell |
D. O shell
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True or False
Characteristic photons are produced with the filling of each shell vacancy. |
True
The cascading of outer shell electrons filling inner shell vacancies results in each orbital electron giving up excess potential energy as a characteristic photon. |
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L characteristic originates from which of the following shells being filled?
A. N B. M C. L D. K |
C. L
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As the distance between the filament electron and nucleus gets smaller, what happens to the brems photon energy?
A. Increases B. Decreases C. Stays the same |
A. Increases
The closer the filament electron passes to the nucleus, the stronger the attractive force and the stronger the resultant photon. Objective: Explain bremsstrahlung x-ray production. |
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If a filament electron enters an atom with 70 keV of energy, passes the nucleus and leaves with 10 keV, what is produced?
A. 60 kVp brems B. 70 kVp brems C. 80 kVp brems D. Heat |
A. 60 kVp brems
To find the energy of the brems photon, the exit energy is subtracted from the entering energy. Objective: Calculate the energy of a brems photon |
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True of False
Brems is the interaction that occurs most often. |
True
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