Equine Icc Respiratory

Front 1

Equine Viral Enteritis
CS

Back 1

Dull
Pyrexic
occulo-nasal discharge
LN swelling
Oedema - conjunctiva and head
Abortions probable

Front 2

Meconium Aspiration
Tx

Back 2

TLC
Broad spectrum antibiotics: propen

Front 3

Rhodococcal Pneumonia
Tx

Back 3

Spontaneous recovery expected even with large lesions

Antibiotics only with abcess >3cm
rifampin & macrolides

Front 4

Recurrent Airway Obstruction
Dx

Back 4

Hx and CS
Responds to Treatment (bronchodilators)
mucopus in lower airway via bronchoscopy
Neutrophilic Tracheal aspirate

Front 5

Rhodococcal Pneumonia
CS

Back 5

Wasting or ill thrift and poor coat quality
-group of horses with illness
-pyrexia
-puffing respiratory difficulty
-extrapulmonary: diarrhea, polysynovitis

Front 6

Inflammatory Airway Disease
CS

Back 6

-cough
-nasal discharge
-mucopus accumulation with neutrophilia
-poor performance

-no alteration in respiration or systemic illness

Front 7

Dysmaturity
Et

Back 7

-Premature birth resulting in inadequate lung maturation
-insufficient development resulting in inadequate lung maturation

Front 8

Strangles Immune Mediated Hemorrhagic Purpura
Tx

Back 8

-High dose steroids
-Penicillin
-TLC: IVFT & NSAIDS

-50% mortality

Front 9

Recurrent Airway Obstruction
Et

Back 9

-Exposure to hay/straw dust

Front 10

Meconium Aspiration
CS

Back 10

-Stained coat at birth
-bilateral brown nasal discharge

Front 11

Neonatal Pneumonia
Tx

Back 11

-Antibiotics by sensitivity
--- Cephalosporins only for on the edge of death

- TLC: IVFT and keep sternal

Front 12

Recurrent Airway Obstruction
CS

Back 12

-Coughing
-EXPIRATORY effort
-heave line
-poor performance
-crackles and wheezes
-reduced signs with reduced dust

Front 13

Recurrent Airway Obstruction
Tx

Back 13

-bronchodilators: rescue drug
-glucocorticoids: long term treatment

Front 14

IAD
acronymn

Back 14

Inflammatory Airway Disease

Front 15

Rhodococcal Pneumonia
Et

Back 15

Rhodococcal equine

Front 16

Inflammatory Airway Disease
Et

Back 16

-not clearly defined
-syndrome with many causes
-opportunistic bacteria
-dust
-immune suppression (training)

More common in younger athletes

Front 17

Differential list for growing horses with respiratory disress

Back 17

-Rhodococcal Pneumonia
-Streptococcus zooepidimicus pneumonia

Front 18

Differential for acute respiratory outbreak: viral

Back 18

-influenza
-EHV-1
-EHV-4
-Rhinovirus
-Equine Viral Arteritis

Front 19

Differential for acute respirator outbreak: bacterial

Back 19

- strangles
- mycoplasma
- bordatella
- streptococcus
- pasturella

Front 20

Summer Pasture Associated Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Indicators

Back 20

- seasonal
- housed outdoors
- more severe than RAO would be
- Reduced response to Tx (bronchodilators)

Front 21

Neonatal Pneumonia
Ancillary Tests

Back 21

- Quantify IgG to determine passive transfer success
- Bronchoscopy to define extent
- Culture to identify agents

Front 22

Rhodococcal Pneumonia
Prevention

Back 22

- Reduce dust: move away from dirt housing

- monitor colts on farms with endemic problems

Front 23

Acute Respiratory Outbreak
Ancillary Tests

Back 23

- Vaccine Status
- Rate of spread
- Severity of clinical signs
- Extra respiratory Clinical SIgns

Front 24

Strangles Immune Mediated Purpura
CS

Back 24

- Mucosal hemorrhage
- Systemic oedema

Front 25

Dysmaturity
Tx and Px

Back 25

- Surfactant ($$$)
- Respiratory support: O2
- Antibiotics

- Poor Px

Front 26

Summer Pasture Associated Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Tx

Back 26

- Rescue with atropine

- Move to a totally different location
- Dexamethasone and inhaled CCS

Front 27

Meconium Aspiration
Et

Back 27

- Birth Stress >> defacation & gasping
- Chemical damage and obstruction

Front 28

SPAOPD
acronymn

Back 28

Summer Pasture Associated Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Front 29

Strangles
Tx

Back 29

- Isolation and Fomite control
- Rest
- Antibiotics for EARLY cases only
- NSAIDs !!!
- TLC: feed from floor, lance abcess, flush chondroids

Front 30

Rib Fracture
Tx

Back 30

- careful handling
- compression bandaging

Front 31

Strangles
prevention

Back 31

- Isolate new horses
- vaccination questionable efficacy
- test suspected carriers

Front 32

Viral Respiratory Outbreak
Tx

Back 32

- Isolate horse
- 1 week of rest for every day of pyrexia
- Feed from ground to promote draining
- Dust/irritant free environment

Front 33

Differential list for neonatal respiratory distress

Back 33

- Neonatal Pneumonia
- Fractured Ribs
- Prepartum EHV-1
- Meconium Aspiration
- Prematurity/Dysmaturity

Front 34

Neonatal Pneumonia
Et

Back 34

Secondary to bacteremia or septicemia

Front 35

RAO
acronymn

Back 35

Recurrent Airway Obstruction

- heaves
- broken wind
- COPD

Front 36

Rhodococcal Pneumonia
Dx tests

Back 36

- Ultrasound monitoring: measure abcess size over time
- Radiography: size and # of abcessess
- To determine which horses need Tx

Front 37

Neonatal Pneumonia
CS

Back 37

- Pyrexia
- Tachypnoea
- Occasionally joint ill or umbilical signs

Front 38

Rib Fracture
Et

Back 38

- normal birth stress
- probably way under diagnosed

Front 39

Recurrent Airway Obstruction
Prevention

Back 39

- house outdoors as much as possible
- remove all antigenic sources: no hay, no straw, improve ventilation

Front 40

Acute respiratory Outbreak
CS

Back 40

- Pyrexia
- Dullness
- Anorexia
- Coughing
- Mucopurulent discharge
- Bilateral LN enlargement

Front 41

Rib Fracture
CS

Back 41

- Most are asymptomatic
- Local pain
- Shallow breathing
- hemo/pneumo thorax
- sudden death: laceration of lung or pericardium