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146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Foal
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Baby horse of either sex |
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Suckling
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A foal still nursing the mare |
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Weanling |
A foal no longer nursing the mare |
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Yearling |
A one year old of either sex |
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Filly |
Female from birth to 3 yrs of age |
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Mare |
Female 4 yrs of age and up |
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Broodmare |
A mare used for breeding |
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Colt |
Intact male from birth to 4 yrs of age
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Stallion/Stud
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Intact male 4 yrs of age and up |
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Gelding |
Castrated male of any age |
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A "hand" is a term for what?
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Measurement for the horse and is equal to 4 in. |
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Miniatures are how many hands?
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<8.2 hands |
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Pony is how many hands?
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10-14.2 hands |
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Light breeds are how many hands? |
14.2-17.2 hands
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Draft breeds are how many hands?
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17-19.2 Hands |
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What are two of the ways you can group horses? |
Size and temperament |
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What breed is this?
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miniature horse
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A true miniature horse can be no more then how many inches at maturity?
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34 in
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What breed is this?
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Shetland pony
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How tall will a Shetland pony stand? |
28-46 in at the withers
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What breed is this?
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Welsh pony
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What is the minimum height for a welsh pony?
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11 Hands
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What breed is this?
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Quarter horse |
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Where does the quarter horse get its name?
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Runs the fastest quarter mile |
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What breed is this?
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Thoroughbred horse |
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What breed is this?
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Appaloosa horse
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What breed is this?
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Arabian
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What is unique that give the Arabian a shorter back?
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Arabians have one less lumbar spine |
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What type of travel is the Arabian good for?
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Endurance |
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What breed is this?
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Andalusian
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What breed is this?
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Standardbred
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What breed is this?
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Morgan
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The Morgan breed stand in a camped out position which is normal in other breeds would this also be normal if not why?
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No, any other horse could indicate an upset stomach
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What breed is this?
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Trakehner
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What breed is this?
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Oldenburg
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What breed is this?
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Friesian
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What breed is this?
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Percheron
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What horse breed is considered the true draft breed?
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Percheron
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What breed is this?
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Clydesdale
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What breed is this?
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Shire
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What is the worlds largest horse breed?
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Shire |
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Shire's can stand to be what height and weight how much?
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19 hands tall and 1 ton |
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What color is this?
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Black
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What color is this?
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True white |
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What color is this?
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Technically grey because of the darker skin around muzzle
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What color is this?
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Grey
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What color is this?
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Bay
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What are the characteristics of a white horse from birth?
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Pink skin around eyes nose and around muzzle |
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Why so they consider the true white trait (Ww) to be lethal?
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Foal often are stillborn, aborted, or congenital defects |
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What characteristics make a horse grey? |
the skin around eyes, nose and muzzle will be black |
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What characteristic make a bay horse? |
Black points (all 4 legs, mane, and tail) |
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What characteristics make a chestnut horse? |
Mane and tail are brown-reddish |
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What characteristics makes sorrel horse?
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Mane and tail can be brown to reddish |
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What characteristics make a buckskin horse? |
Yellow/tan color
black points |
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What characteristics make a dun horse?
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Yellow/tan color with black points dark dorsal stripe! |
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What color is this?
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Chestnut
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What color is this?
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Sorrel
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What color is this?
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Buckskin
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What color is this?
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Dun
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What color is this?
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Palomino
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What color is this?
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Tobiano
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What color is this?
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Overo
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What characteristics makes a Tobiano
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The white extends over the back! |
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What characteristics make an Overo |
White DOES NOT extend over the back |
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How are horses identified? |
By the white markings on their face and legs |
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What face marking is this? |
Star
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What face marking is this?
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Stripe
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What face marking is this?
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Snip
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What face marking is this?
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Bald
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What face marking is this?
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Blaze
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What face marking is this?
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Muzzle
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When would you record white markings on the feet?
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Whenever there is any on 1 or all 4
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What leg marking is this?
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Coronet
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What leg marking is this?
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Pastern
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What leg marking is this?
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Sock
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What leg marking is this on the back legs?
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Stocking
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Where are brands placed on a horse?
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Hip or Shoulder |
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What are the two methods for branding? |
Hot brand and freeze brand
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All racehorses must have what prior to their first race?
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Lip tattoo |
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Where are lip tattoos placed?
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Inside of the upper lip |
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When was the eyeD equine identification system launched?
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Dec 2011 |
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How accurate is the eyeD equine identification system?
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99.9% No 2 horses have identical irises even clones |
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What is the downside to using eyeD equine identification system?
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Requires a scanner, not everyone will have Requires a subscription, not everyone will do will no be helpful for horse with recurrent uveitis |
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What is the difference between a pasture and a paddock?
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Paddock is smaller |
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What is the ideal amount of land for each horse living in the pasture?
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1.5 acres |
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What is needed when horses live in a pasturn? |
Shelter: can be tree or man made |
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How high should the fence surrounding the pasture be? |
4-6 feet high |
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What type of fencing should NEVER be used?
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Barbed wire- they cant see it |
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What type material is a pipe corral/pen made from?
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Galvanized steel |
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When housing horses in a pipe corral/pen what is important?
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the horse get along because they are able to interact |
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What is the minimum size for a box stall?
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12' x 12' |
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What is the bottom of the box stall usually made form and covered with?
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Made from concrete or rubber matts and require 2-3' of shavings or straw
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How often should box stalls be spot cleaned vs stripped and cleaned
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Spot cleaned 1-2 x a day Stripped once a week |
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What is one of the must haves in a box stall construction?
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Good ventilation |
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What is the ideal housing system?
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Box stall w/ paddock- allows deep bedding with outside assess |
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What size should the run be from a box stall w/ paddock?
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12-24' long |
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How is the ideal foaling stall? |
At least 12' x 24' |
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What bedding should be used in a foaling stall and why?
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ONLY straw because shavings is not good for the foals airway |
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When should mare be moved into the foaling stall and why? |
~1mth prior to delivery, Mare gets used to stall and can make antibodies to bacteria so foal can be protected to |
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How often should a horse be groomed? |
Daily to keep coat nice and give groomer time to look for any growths, cuts, etc. |
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what is a curry comb?
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A rubber tool with teeth which would be used on the body but not below carpus/tarsus and on face |
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How is a curry comb used?
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Brushed in circular motions to bring up hair, dirt, and debris that will be brushed off |
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When is a curry comb especially useful? |
when removing dried mud and during shedding season |
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When is a stiff bristle brush used? |
used on everywhere except face to remove hair etc. that curry comb loosened
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When is a soft bristle brush used?
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Good for grooming all over even face and distal limb |
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What can be used to brush/detangle the mane and tail?
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Normal hair brush |
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How should the mane and tail be shortened?
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Pulled NOT cut |
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How often should a horse be bathed with soap
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once a week |
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When bathing a horse what must be done when rinsing the head and face |
Let water run down from the top of head never directly spay face and don't get water in the ears |
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What can be used to remove excess water after bathing?
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Sweat scrapper |
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What is it called when a horse is wearing shoes?
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Shod |
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What part are to be cleaned when cleaning the hoof? |
The central sulcus, lateral sulcus and the frog |
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What is the foot growth each month for a foal? |
0.6" a month |
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What is the foot growth each month for a yearling?
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0.5" a month |
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What is the foot growth each month for an adult?
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0.25-0.35" a month |
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How often should the hoofs be trimmed?
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Shod- every 6 wks |
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The _____ grows faster then the _____ on a hoof
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Toe grows faster then the heel |
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What are the 2 rules for shoeing a horse?
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the shoe is made to fit the foot not vise versa |
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Where does most of the digestion occur in a horse?
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In the cecum and large intestine |
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Horses require what kind of feed unlike a ruminant?
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High quality
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Horses drink about how much water per day as an adult
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40-50 L/day
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What should you never allow a hot horse to do?
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Drink large amounts of water |
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Energy requirements depend on what? |
The stage in the horses growth |
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Energy is provided in what form of foods?
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Carbohydrates |
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Corn is considered what kind of feed?
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Hot feed as it is high energy
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When is corn used as feed?
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horses in high performance or that need fattening up |
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How should corn be processed? |
cracked or rolled |
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How is barley processed?
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Rolled or crimped |
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What should be done before whole barley can be used?
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Soaked to prevent swelling causing stomach problems |
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How an oats be processed?
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Whole, rolled, or crimped |
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What is sweet feed
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either oat or corn based which as vitamins and minerals added w/ molasses |
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At what age may an adult horse have high protein needs like a growing horse? |
>20 yrs
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What part of pregnancy will the mare have higher protein requirement
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Last 1/3 of pregnancy and lactation
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Protein is provided by what food source?
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Hay |
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What type of hay are high in protein?
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Legume hays: alfalfa, clover |
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What type of hay are lower in protein? |
Grass hays: timothy hay, oat hay |
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High protein diet are a predisposing factor to what in young horses?
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osteochondrosis dessicans |
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Where do horses get most of their vitamins and minerals? |
good quality hay |
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Maintenance for a horse eats how much hay a day?
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~ 15 lbs divided into 2 feeding
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Alfalfa hay is high in hwat vitamins and minerals? |
Magnesium and phosphorous |
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What is the ideal feed for hay? |
One feeding of grass hay and one of alfalfa hay |
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What breed are prone to enteroliths on an al alfalfa hay diet
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Arabians |
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Foal will not actually eat hay til about what age?
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2mths |
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When should creep feed start to be offered?
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~4 wks
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Whne should a feed mixture start to be offered even if its only played with?
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2-3 mth |
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Bran should never be given before what age?
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3 yrs |
