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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is genetic material contained in?
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chromosomes
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How many pairs of chromosomes do horses/ponies have?
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32
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How many pairs of chromosomes do asses have?
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31
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one less than horses
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How many pairs of chromosomes do Przewalski's Horses have?
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33
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one more than horses
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A hinny is a cross between what and what?
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a stallion and a jennet (produce what?)
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a hinny is smaller than a mule
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A breeding between a mare and a jack is what?
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a mule (has what parents?)
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a mule is larger than a hinny
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In terms of genetics, what is a locus?
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the physical position of an allele
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What are alleles?
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nonidentical genes at the same locus
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What is reduction division?
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the process by which germ cells are produced
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What are germ cells?
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sperm in the male and ova in the female
containing one member of each chromosome |
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What term refers to a horse that does not have identical paired genes for a trait?
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homozygous
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What does heterozygous mean?
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the paired genes for a trait are different
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Genotypic frequencies of homozygous B x homozygous b
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100% heterozygous Bb
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genotypic frequencies of homozygous B x homozygous B
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100% homozygous BB
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genotypic frequencies of homozygous BB x heterozygous Bb
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50% homozygous bb
50% heterozygous Bb |
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genotypic frequencies for heterozygous Bb x heterozygous Bb
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25% homozygous bb
25% homozygous BB 50% heterozygous Bb |
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What is the difference between phenotype and genotype?
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phenotype = what horse looks like
genotype = genetic makeup |
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What are the three types of gene action?
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dominance
codominace partical dominance |
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What is the gene for black coat color?
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B
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What is the gene for brown/chestnut coat color?
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b
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Describe dominance in terms of genetics.
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a dominant gene will mask the phenotypic expression of a recessive gene
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What is caused by codominance?
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the phenotypes of both alleles are expressed
the heterozygote is an intermediate of the two homozygotes that produced it and has traits of each |
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What is partial dominance?
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like codominance, heterozygote is intermediate of two homozygotes, but not exactly an intermediate
the difference is caused by a separte gene eg the dilution gene. |
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What is the the D gene?
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dilution
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What happens to phenotype when there are multiple alleles at a locus?
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there is a distictive phenotype associated with each genotype when codominant or partially dominant
otherwise order of dominance determines phenotype |
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What is a sex limited trait?
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a trait that ONLY can be found in a male (chryptorchidism) or female (production of milk)
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What is a sex-influenced trait?
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a trait modified by sex of animal eg bright appaloosa patterns in males
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What is a sex linked trait?
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a trait transmitted by the X chromosome
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What is the gene for roaning?
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Rn
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