Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The father of modern geology was _________ ________. |
James Hutton |
|
|
James Hutton developed the theory of ___________________, which states that the earth was shaped by the same processes seen today |
Uniformitarianism |
|
|
Scientist ____________ ______________ wrote the paper "Principles of Geology", which rejected catastrophism and popularized Hutton's work. |
Charles Lyell |
|
|
The Law of _______________ states that in a sequence of undisturbed rocks, the oldest rocks are found on the bottom. |
Superposition |
|
|
The Principle of ___________ _____________ states that layered strata are deposited horizontally and uniformally everywhere. |
Original Horizontality |
|
|
____________ time orders events from oldest to youngest. |
Relative |
|
|
_____________ time expresses time in terms of numbers. (ex: 200 B.C.E) |
Absolute |
|
|
_________________ continuity states that sediment layers extent laterally outwards until pinching out or grading into new sediment types. |
Lateral |
|
|
The cross-cutting relationship states that that which cuts through is _________ than the material that is cut. |
younger |
|
|
The principle of inclusions states that the ____________ rock contains the inclusions, while the inclusion itself is _________. |
1. Younger 2. Older |
|
|
An _________________ in rock is a surface representing a time period with no deposition or heavy weathering. |
Unconformity |
|
|
Fossil species succeeding each other in a predictable manner in sediment layers is called _____________ __________________. |
Faunal Succession |
|
|
The three types of unconformity are _____________, __________________ and _________________ ________________. |
Disconformity, nonconformity and angular uncorformity. |
|
|
_______________ is an unconformity between rock layers representing high weathering or no deposition. |
Disconformity |
|
|
_____________ is an unconformity where sediments are deposited on old igneous or metamorphic rocks. |
Nonconformity |
|
|
______________ unconformity consists of titled rocks overlying younger, flat strata. |
Angular |
|
|
Do radioactive elements that lose one or more neutrons become a new element? |
No |
|
|
Do radioactive elements that lose or gain a proton become a new element? |
Yes |
|
|
_____________ decay involves a mass reduction by 2 and an atomic number decrease of 2. An ___________ particle is released. |
Alpha, alpha |
|
|
__________ decay involves an atomic number increase of one. An _____________ is released. |
Beta, electron. |
|
|
__________ ___________ involves an atomic number decrease of 1 as an electron is gained. |
Electron Capture |
|
|
The __________-_______ is the time required for half of parent atoms to decay. |
half-life |
|
|
The phanerozoic eon occured between ___________ million years ago and the present day. |
543 million |
|
|
The eras of the phanerozoic eon, in order from earliest to present, are: ______________ to _________________ to ______________. |
Paleozoic to Mesozoic to Cenozoic |
|
|
The paleozoic-mesozoic extinction eliminated 95% of species on earth and occurred _____________ years ago. |
241 million years |
|
|
The mesozoic-cenozoic extinction occured ____________ years ago and elimintaed 50% of species on earth. |
66 million years |
|
|
The _________________ era of the phanerozoic eon was dominated by invertebrates. |
paleozoic |
|
|
The __________________ era of the phanerozoic eon was dominated by reptiles. |
mesozoic |
|
|
The ________________ era of the phanerozoic eon was dominated by mammals. |
cenozoic |
