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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
def: zone of proximal development
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Vygotsky
diff between what a child can currently achieve alone and what she can accomplish with help from parent/teacher |
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Vygotsky
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Theory of cognitive development.
Zone of proximal developement Scaffolding |
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Bronfenbrenner
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Ecological theory of cognitive development.
Interatcation of indiv and context at 4 levels |
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Theories of language development (2)
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Nativist
Interactionist |
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Elkind
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extension of Piaget's theory
Adolescent egocentrism: 1. Personal fable 2. Imaginary audience |
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Ex: holophrastic speech
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Use single word to express whole phrase or sentence
(age 1-2 yrs)use |
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Ex: telegraphic speech
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2+ words to make sentence
(age 18-24 months) |
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Thomas & Chess - temperament categories in babies (3)
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Easy
Difficult Slow-to-warm-up |
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Thomas & Chess - name of parent guidance intervention
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Goodness-of-fit model
i.e. better behavioural & adjustment outcomes if parenting style matches child's temperament |
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"Seasons of a Man's Life"
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Levinson
early adult transition (17-22 yrs) Age 30 transition (28-33 yrs) Mid-life transition (40-45 yrs) |
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Baumrind's parenting styles (4)
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authoritarian
authoritative permissive rejecting-neglecting |
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Erikson's identity statuses (4)
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identity diffusion
identity foreclosure identity moratorium identity achievement |
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Kubler Ross' 5 stages of loss
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denial & isolation
anger bargaining depression acceptance |
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Harlow's attachment research
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rhesus monkeys
contact comfort |
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Ethological theory of attachment
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imprinting
2-3 days after birth Lorenz |
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Signs of attachment (3)
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social referencing (visual cliff)
separation anxiety stranger anxiety |
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Patterns of attachment (4)
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secure
insecure / ambivalent insecure / avoidant disorganized |
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Types of social play (3)
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parallel play
simple social (associative) play cooperative play (2 yrs) |
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Piaget's stages of moral development (3)
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premoral (0-6 yrs)
heteronomous morality (7-10 yrs) qutonomous morality (11+ yrs) |
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Kohlberg's levels of moral development (3)
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preconventional morality:
1. punishment/obedience (avoid punishment) 2. instrumental hedonism (want reward) conventional morality 1. good boy/girl (approval) 2. law and order (rules) postconventional morality 1. individual rights 2. individual principles |
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def: Heuristics
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rules of thumb
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def: primacy effect
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most influenced by info presented first
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def: negativity bias
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negative traits weighted more heavily than positive traits
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