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7 Cards in this Set
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3. You are a small-town psychologist in a rural area and a client comes in and states that she is depressed and is having headaches. She has babysat with your child several times over the last year. She would like you to give her biofeedback sessions. You should first:
Complete the biofeedback treatment and not ask her to babysit in the future. Refer her to her family physician Refer her to a psychologist in another town for therapy; it will be OK for you to complete the biofeedback sessions Refer her to a biofeedback specialist in another town |
Refer her to her family physician
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This question is more about an awareness of your limitations than it is about a dual relationship. The first step, whether you decide to take the case or not, should be to refer her to her family physician to rule out medical concerns.
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36. During the 10th psychotherapy session with a client, you realize that your client has recently started dating your best friend. You should:
refer the client to another therapist discuss this with your client immediately discontinue your relationship with your friend wait and address the problem with your client if a conflict becomes imminent |
discuss this with your client immediately
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Although the Ethics Code does not specify exactly how to resolve this type of ethical dilemma, it does state, “If a psychologist finds that, due to unforeseen factors, a potentially harmful multiple relationship has arisen, the psychologist takes reasonable steps to resolve it with due regard for the best interests of the affected person and maximal compliance with the Ethics Code" (Ethical Standard 3.05[b]). Consistent with the intent of the Code, the best option would probably be to discuss the matter with your client immediately. After discussing it with your client, additional steps, such as referring the client, may be appropriate.
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40. A forensic psychologist is asked to review and make conclusions regarding a defendant's psychological evaluation that was conducted 4 years ago following a similar crime that the defendant is now accused of. The psychologist should:
refuse the request comply with the request but interpret the previous findings with caution reevaluate the person and disregard the previous findings reevaluate the person and interpret the previous findings with caution |
reevaluate the person and interpret the previous findings with caution
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According to the Forensic Specialty Guidelines, “Forensic psychologists avoid giving written or oral evidence about the psychological characteristics of particular individuals when they have not had an opportunity to conduct an examination of the individual...” And, according to Ethical Standard 9.08, psychologists also do not base their decisions on outdated results. Thus, the psychologist in this case should make a reasonable effort to reevaluate the person. However, it would probably be inappropriate to completely disregard the previous findings. The best approach would be to reevaluate the person and interpret the previous findings with caution.
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51. Which of the following statements regarding the need to obtain informed consent before releasing client information is most true?
A psychologist should always obtain informed consent from the client before releasing information. Before consulting with a colleague about a case, a psychologist must always obtain informed consent from the client. A psychologist must obtain informed consent from a client some of the time before releasing information. If a psychologist wants to release information about a case, he or she may do so without obtaining informed consent. |
A psychologist must obtain informed consent from a client some of the time before releasing information.
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Ordinarily, you need to obtain informed consent from a client before releasing information you've obtained from him or her. However, this is not always the case; for instance, when you reasonably suspect child abuse, you are legally obligated to file a report with the appropriate state agency -- with or without the client's consent. As for consulting situations (choice B), informed consent from the client is not necessary as long as you adequately disguise the client's identity.
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100. A child has been assigned a new legal guardian. His biological parents had a psychological evaluation completed and had received the results. The new legal guardian is requesting a copy of the report. What is the most correct thing to do?
Get a signed release from the biological parents Provide the legal guardian with a copy of the report Send the report to the court mediator Keep the evaluation on file until the child is emancipated; then forward to him |
Provide the legal guardian with a copy of the report
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As legal guardian he or she has the right to a copy of the report. The key term is "legal". A court has determined legal access in this case so you as the psychologist only need to be guided by the law.
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149. The "slippery slope" argument suggests therapist-patient sexual relationships result from:
nonsexual boundary crossings and violations confusion about the definition of dual relationships and how to address them personal characteristics or life circumstances of the therapist previous sexual relation with therapist, supervisor or educator |
nonsexual boundary crossings and violations
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A. The “slippery slope” analogy refers to the relationship between sexual and non-sexual boundary-crossing and claims that crossing one boundary makes it easier to cross the next boundary. Research has implicated three factors as influences on the occurrence and continuation of exploitative sexual and nonsexual relationships with clients, supervisees, and students: the connection between sexual and nonsexual professional boundary crossings or violations; the confusion about the definition of dual relationships and how to address them; and personal or contextual characteristics that put psychologists at risk for engaging in such behavior. Research has not found a significant connection between reported sexual boundary violations as a former client, supervisee, or student and as a practicing professional (d.). (See: Lamb, D., Catanzaro, S., & Moorman, A. (2003). Psychologists reflect on their sexual relationships with clients, supervisees, and students: Occurrence, impact, rationales, and collegial intervention. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34, 102-107; Williams, M. (1997). Boundary violations: Do some contended standards of care fail to encompass commonplace procedures of humanistic, behavioral, and eclectic psychotherapies? Psychotherapy, 34, 238-249; and Pope, K. (1990). Therapist–patient sexual involvement: A review of the research. Clinical Psychology Review, 10, 477–490.)
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188. A father brings his 10-year-old son to a psychologist for therapy due to symptoms of depression. The father states that the boy's symptoms began shortly after the parents separated several months ago. The boy is currently living with his father. The father further states that he only wants help for his son and does not want any report or testimony from the psychologist for the divorce proceedings. The psychologist should:
have both parents sign an agreement that neither will require the psychologist to provide a report or testimony about the child's therapy contact the parents' attorneys to clarify the psychologist's role refuse to treat the child unless you can evaluate both parents provide therapy for the child but do not maintain any records that could be subpoenaed |
contact the parents' attorneys to clarify the psychologist's role
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Ethical Standard 10.02(b) states, "If it becomes apparent that psychologists may be called on to perform potentially conflicting roles (such as family therapist and then witness for one party in divorce proceedings), psychologists take reasonable steps to clarify and modify, or withdraw from, roles appropriately." Although the patient's father has indicated that he does not want a report or testimony from the psychologist, it would be more prudent to clarify the psychologist's role with the attorneys of each of the parents. Having the parents sign an agreement as suggested in "A" does imply a clarification of the psychologist's role, but it may not be legally binding or in the child's best interests and is not as good a choice as "B." Choice "C" is incorrect because although it is necessary to evaluate all members of a family before making recommendations regarding child custody, in this case, it is therapy that is requested, not a custody evaluation. Finally, "D" is incorrect because psychologists must maintain adequate records.
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