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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Caplan's three types of prevention
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1. Tertiary prevention - "closest", prevent recurrence, reduce duration/consequences
2. Secondary prevention - early detection and tx of problem to ease symptoms 3. Primary prevention - "furthest", preventive, carried out before onset of illness |
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Suicide risk factors
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1. over age 65
2. Male (commit, more females attempt) 3. White 4. non-married (highest divorced, then widows, then never-married) 5. Past suicide attempt 6. family history of attempts 7. depressed ind. whose symptoms have recently improved 8. state intention, have plan, have means 9. feelings of hopelessness |
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Age range with greatest increase in suicide rates
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15-24 year olds, especially males
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Age range with highest suicide rate
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over 85 years of age
Most common reason is physical illness |
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Age ranges of highest suicide rate for African American and Native American males
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AA - 15-44
NA - 15-24 |
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Most consistent predictors of adolescent suicide
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1. diagnosis of depression
2. use of drugs/alcohol 3. antisocial behavior other: previous suicidality and exposure to suicide of another person |
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Risk factors of suicide in older adults
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1. poor health status
2. depressive symptoms 3. recent death of loved one 4. self-destructive behaviors 5. altering a will 6. hostile interpersonal relations |
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Describe Caplan's Tertiary Prevention
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"closest" to illness
prevents recurrence, reduce duration and consequences ex: rehab, AA, halfway house |
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Describe Caplan's Secondary Prevention
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early detection and tx before full blown illness develops, or keep from getting worse
ex: suicide prevention, hot-lines, screening tests for ppl with no symptoms |
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Describe Caplan's Primary Prevention
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"furthest" from illness and most preventive in nature conceptually
Carried out BEFORE onset of disease and involves preventing occurrence ex: prenatal nutrition for low SES moms, Head Start, sex ed |
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Compare/contrast consultation vs. supervision
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1. consultation ad-hoc, supervision continuous
2. consultant no administrative authority 3. consultant not member of org 4. consultation focus is specific vs. general 5. consultation relationship is voluntary |
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mental health consultation
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Caplan's work
Focus on maximizing the social/emotional dev of clients under consultee's care 4 types - client-centered, consultee-centered, program-centered, consultee-centered administrative |
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Client-centered case consultation
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helping consultee develop a plan to work more effectively with particular client
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Consultee-centered case consultation
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Focus on problems within the consultee, rather than problems within client/s
ex: theme interference |
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consultee-centered administrative consultation
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focus on difficulties w/consultee that limits his effectiveness in administering a program or bringing out program change
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systems (process) consultation
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entire organization is viewed as consultee and targeted for change.
Assumpton: improving satisfaction among members will improve organization, typically focuses on improving interpersonal skills |
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Advocacy consultation
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focuses on bringing about institutional change (i.e. through political system) of a disenfranchised group
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Inpatient hospitalization: rates males v. females
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admission rates higher for males although mental illness rates higher for females. Reason: males engage in more "acting out" behaviors considered threatening to society
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Inpatient hospitalization: demographics
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25-44 year olds
never married white (although minorities are overrepresented based on population proportions) |
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deinstitutionalization
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not successful
80% readmission rate in 2 years of discharge lack of adequate support systems in communities |
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involuntary commitment
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use of behaivoral criteria - dangerous to self or others
2-PC rule: two physicians must agreeits necc |
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characteristics of abused children
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young - less than 2 y.o.
premature/difficult births poorer school achievement and cognitive delays develop attachment to those how cause them distress |
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characteristics of abusive parents
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lower SES in known cases, but likely = across SES cat.
abused a children existence of psychological disorder |
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Lenore Walker's "Cycle of Violence"
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1. tension-building (may include minor battering incidents)
2. acute battering incident 3. honeymoon phase (complicates intervention - time most difficult for women to leave) |
