Epithelium

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tissue

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a collection of cells and material between cells that perform specialized functions

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epithelium

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covers and lines surfaces

secretion

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functions of epithelium

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protection and secretion

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membrane epithelium

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arranged in sheets to cover body surface, covers organs inside and out

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kinocilia

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special modification of apical membrane of epithelium of long, mobile projections

also known as cilia

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microvilli

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special modification of apical membrane of epithelium of short projections usually found in the gut

also called brush border

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stereocilia

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special modification of apical membrane of epithelium of long, non-mobile projections

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basal infoldings

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special modification of basal membrane of epithelium of invaginations in basal cell membrane

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keratinization

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special modification of the cytoplasm of epithelium, deposition of proteinaceous filaments

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transitional epithelium

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a type of stratified epithelium with variable surface cell shape and the ability to stretch without breaking cell to cell attachment

found in urinary bladder

*has clear cytoplasm

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junctional complex

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where epithelial cells adhere to one another

also called terminal bars

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desmosome

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a macula adherens, or "spot of adhesion"

uses plaques to bind cells together

intercellular bridges

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zonula occludens

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tight junction at surface of epithelium

no space between cells

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zonula adherens

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junction of epithelial cells, some space between cells

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basement membrane

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connection between connective tissue and epithelium

used for filtration and direct cell migration during healing

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basal lamina

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part of the basement membrane made by epithelial cells

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lamina reticularis

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part of basement membrane made by fibroblasts

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gland

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specialized cells that create secretory products

originate from epithelium

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parenchyma

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functional component of a gland

includes secretory epithelial cells and epithelial cells of ducts

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stroma

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structural component of a gland

connective tissue, vessels, and nerves

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exocrine glands

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these glands have ducts; release secretory product at surface

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endocrine glands

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glands without ducts; release secretory product into blood or fluid to be transported elsewhere in the body

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unicellular gland

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gland composed of one cell

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multicellular gland

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glands composed of 2 or more cells

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serous secretion

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watery, protein rich secretion of glands

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mucous secretion

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viscous, slippery, rich in sugar secretion of glands

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mixed secretion

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contains serous and mucous components

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sebaceous secretion

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secretion consisiting of lipids, called sebum

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merocine

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this mode of release of secretory products in exocrine glands results in no loss of cytoplasm

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apocrine

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this mode of release of secretory products in exocrine glands results in a slight loss of cytoplasm

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holocrine

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this mode of release of secretory products in exocrine glands results in the entire cell being released with the product

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autocrine

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endocrine gland

secretory product acts on same cell

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paracrine

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endocrine gland

secretory product works on adjacent cells

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endocrine

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endocrine gland

secretory product travels via vasculature to act on distant cells

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lobule

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a section of organ defined by septa, usually only visible with a microscope

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myoepithelial cells

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assists in moving secretory products out of exocrine glands by squeezing surface of cells

non-muscular tissue that can contract

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mesothelium

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a simple squamous epithelium covering the outside surface of an inner organ

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endothelium

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simple squamous epithelium covering the lumen of blood vessels

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pyknotic nucleus

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nucleus of dying cells, dark and misshapen

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mucous gland

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this type of gland has flat nuclei at the basal membrane and has basophilic granules in the cytoplasm

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serous gland

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this type of gland has round nuclei and pink zymogen granules

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serous demilune

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a cap of serous cells on a mucous acinus