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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Zona Occludens
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Cell Junctions
-Forms a band that encircles the entire cell -Formed by occluding and claudin (they dictate the tightness of seal) -Keep proteins in the membrane in their correct region. |
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Zona Adherens
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Cell Junctions
-Cadherin, vinculin, catenin -Calcium is important for binding of adjacent adherens -Binds to actin filaments, these will for the terminal web -Function to keep the adjacent cytoskeletal close. |
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Desmososomes
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Cell Junctions
-Maculae adherents -Like a spot weld -Anchor proteins bound to intermediate filaments -Prevents and resists shearing forces -Descmocolin and Desmoglein |
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Gap Junctions (Nexus)o
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Cell Junction
- Found in lateral regions of epithelia - Made of connexons -Tube with two pores -One on each side of cells - Function to permit rapid exchange of small molecules between cells • Ions, ATP, cAMP |
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Hemidesmosomes
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Cell Junction
- Found in basal domains of cells - Integrins, plectin, erbin, type IV, III, laminin - Function: bind basal compartment to basement membrane. |
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Fascia Adherens
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Cell Junction
- Ribbon like structure that stabilizes non-epithlial tissue - Similar to Zonula Adherens or Adherens Junction but not belt like - Broad intercellular junction in the longitudinal sections of an intercalated disk of cardiac muscle anchoring actin filaments - Helps transmit contractile forces |
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Microvilli
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Apical Surface Specialization
- Function to increase surface area of where they are found - Anchored with terminal web - When with glycocalyx it is called brush border (striated border) - Fimbrin cross links actin filaments and villin binds to cell |
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Stereocillia
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- Also present in absorptive epithelia
Apical Surface Specialization - Longer than microvilli - Branched and immotile - Also increase surface area |
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Cilia
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Apical Surface Specialization
- Elongated - Motile due to dyein using ATP - Inserted into the basal body - Microtubules not actin cores - 250/cell |
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Squamous Epithelium
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- Simple squamous is one layer
- Wider than it is tall - Rests on top of basement membrane and underneath is lamina propria - Found in inside of blood vessels. |
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Cuboidal
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- About as wide as it is tall
- Rests on basement membrane which is on top of lamina propria - Found in Renal collecting tubule, pancreatic duct, mesothelium |
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Columnar Epithelium
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- One layer of cell
- Taller than wide - On basement membrane - Can see nuclei all lined up - Found in renal collecting duct, ova duct, gall bladder epithelium - Find a lot of surface features |
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Psudostratified Columnar Epithelium
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- Technically a simple columnar epithelium because all touch basement membrane
- Ciliated - Basal cells in the basal compartment are stem cells |
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Stratified Epithelia
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- More than one layer
- Not all cells touch basement membrane - Appearance of top most layer will tell you what type of cells they are - In skin the top most layer is keratin of dead squamous cells |
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Urothelium (Transitional Epithelium)
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- Found in urinary system
- Rich in tight junctions - Change state with the filling of the bladder - Dome like shape goes away with full bladder |
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Glandular Epithelia
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- Cells specialized to secrete
- Can be unicellular or multicellular - Goblet cells are an example of unicellular - Use muscusin stain - Exocrine: remain and retain a duct to secrete • Simple: all empty into one duct • Compound: branch ducts collecting into main duct • Merocrine Store secretions in vesicles and exocytosed • Hallocrine Cells at base of gland that multiple Grow and swell then burst into duct Entire cell is secretory product • Apocrine Apical portion is resevoire for product When full it pinches off lower half - Endocrine: no duct and must be close to capillaries |
