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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do Anterior bleeds commonly occur in Epistaxis?
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In nasal septum by Kiesselback's plexus, but they may also originate anterior to inferior turbinate.
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Where do Posterior bleeds commonly occur in Epistaxis?
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On posterior nasopharynx below post. half of inferior turbinate or roof of nasal cavity.
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What are common causes of anterior & posterior epistaxis?
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Local causes include trauma, chronic sinusitis, epistaxis digitorum, foreign bodies, intranasal neoplasms or polyps, septal deviations. Systemic causes: HT, hemophilia, meds, platelet dysfunction.
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How is anterior epistaxis managed?
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Chemical cautery (AgNO3) or electrical cautery, vaseline gauze packing, inflatable catheter, nasal tampon/merocel & Rapid Rhino.
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How is posterior epistaxis managed?
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Balloon catheter placed in post. nasopharynx, or specialty procedures such as nasal endoscopic cauterization, arterial ligation or angiographic arterial embolization.
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What are potential Cx of epistaxis Tx?
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Nasal packing can Cx into septal hematomas, septal abscess formation, sinusitis, neurogenic syncope & pressure necrosis.
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How are nasal Fx managed?
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Epistaxis is 1st stabilized, & pt is admin. analgesia & topical anest. before reducing Fx. Lateral thumb pessure for laterally displaced Fx, ant. and lateral manipulation for impacted Fx's,repair lacerations and admin. antbx. Drain hematomas if present.
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What are some indications for specialist referral?
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Any pt. w/ persistent bleeding or with a pot. bleed, or any pt. w severe epistaxis needinga specialty procedure & pt's requiring post. packing. Failure to reduce nasal Fx also require immediate ENT consult.
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