Epilepsy Mgmt

Front 1

Seizure

Back 1

-a burst of abnml electrical activity in the brain
-typically lasts from a few seconds to a few min
-symptoms depends on which part of the brain has abnml activity

Front 2

Epilepsy

Back 2

1. recurrent seizures
2. unprovoked seizures

Front 3

Criteria #1 =

Back 3

-seizure recurrence
-If you have epilepsy, it means that you have had repeated seizures.

Front 4

Criteria #2

Back 4

= unprovoked seizures
-epileptic seizures arise from within the brain
-seizures caused by external factors are not classified as epilepsy
-pathologies that can causes seizures: channelopathies, tumors, scar tissue, arterial venous malformatio

Front 5

Seizure classification- why important?

Back 5

-it is important to classify seizures correctly since mgmt dpeends on the seizure type!

Front 6

Partial seizures

Back 6

-simple and complex partial
-simple can lead to secondary generalized seizures or lead to complex then secondary

Front 7

Generalized seizures

Back 7

-primary and secondary generalized

Front 8

Simple partial seizure

Back 8

-no change in mental state!
-types:
1. Sensory seizures: numbness and tingling
2. special senses: auditory, visual, olfactory
3. Motor seizures
4. Sympathetic system: cardiovascular, GI, thermoregulatory, dysfunction
5. Intese emotional feelings: fear, gastric etc. (if limbic system involved)

Front 9

Auras

Back 9

=simple partial seizures

Front 10

The Jacksonian March

Back 10

-a spreading simple motor seizure
-rare
-It is an example of a spread across the motor or sensory cortex, with corresponding motor or sensory activity that spreads from one body part to an adjacent body part and from there to another, progressively involving one entire side of the body

Front 11

Complex partial seizure

Back 11

-the pt must have a change in baseline mental state
-assoc symtoms: lip smacking and other forms of purposeless movements

Front 12

Secondary generalized seizure

Back 12

-These evolve from either a simple partial seizure or a complex partial seizure into a generalized tonic clonic seizure.

Front 13

Primary generalized seizures

Back 13

-These are typically genetically predisposed seizures. At times, immediate family members may not have seizures but on the EEG they may exhibit the signature of a primary generalized epilepsy.

Front 14

Syptypes of primary generalized seizures

Back 14

-idiopathic
1. Childhood absence seizures: staring into space lasting a few seconds then right back to themselves
2. Juvenile absence seizures
3. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: jerking on awakening
4. Epilepsy with grand mal seizures on awakening

Front 15

Seizure etiology

Back 15

1. Idiopathic: likely to be genetic in nature ex. sporadic/nonfamilial (benign epilepsy w/centrotemporal spikes); familial temporal lobe epilepsy
2. Symptomatic: see a clear brain lesion ex. tumors, infx
3. Probably symptomatic: no clear evidence that a brain lesions occurred by you have a strong suspicion that it did occur (crytogenic etiology)