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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ethosuxmide -MOA? |
Blocks thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels |
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Ethosuxmide -clinical use? |
1st line: absence seizure |
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Ethosuxmide -Side effects? |
GI, fatigue, headache, urticaria, SJS |
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Benzodiazepines (diazepam, lorazepam) -MOA? |
Increase GABA-A action |
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Benzodiazepines (diazepam, lorazepam) -clinical use? |
1st line acute: status epilepticus |
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Benzodiazepines (diazepam, lorazepam) -side effects? |
sedation, tolerance, dependence, respiratory depression |
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Benzodiazepines (diazepam, lorazepam) -what other types of seizure is it used for? |
Eclampsia seizure -can use benzodiazepines but MgSO4 is 1st line |
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Phenytoin -MOA? |
Increase Na+ channel inactivation; |
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Phenytoin -MOA-what order reaction is it? |
Zero-order kinetics
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Phenytoin -Clinical use? |
1st line: Tonic clonic 1st line prophylaxis: status epilepticus
-can be used for simple/complex seizures |
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Phenytoin -Side effects? |
-Nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia -sedation -gingival hyperplasia -hirsutism -peripheral neuropathy -megaloblastic anemia, teratogen -SLE-like syndrome -Induction of P-450 -lymphadenopathy -SJS -Osteopenia |
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Phenytoin -what kind of phenytoin do you use for parenteral use? |
Fosphenytoin |
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Carbamazepine -MOA? |
Increase Na+ channel inactivation |
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Carbamazepine -Clinical use? |
1st line: simple, complex, tonic clonic |
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Carbamazepine -what neurologic condition is it A MUST KNOW USE FOR STEP? |
Trigeminal neuralgia |
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Carbamazepine -Side effects? |
-Diplopia, ataxia -blood dyscrasias (agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia) -liver toxicity -teratogenesis -induction of P-450 -SIADH -SJS |
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Valproic acid -MOA? |
-Increase Na+ channel inactivation -increase GABA concentration by inhibiting GABA transaminase |
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Valproic acid -Clinical use? |
1st line: Tonic clonic Can use for: Simple, complex, absence |
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Valproic acid -Side effects?
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-GI distress -rare but fatal hepatoxicity (measure LFT) -neural tube defects (spina bifida) -tremor, weight gain -Contraindicated in pregnancy |
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Valproic acid -What other conditions is valproic acid used for? |
-Myoclonic seizures -bipolar disorder |
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Gabapentin -MOA? |
Primarily inhibits high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels; -designed as GABA analog |
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Gabapentin -Clinical use? |
Simple, complex seizures |
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Gabapentin -side effects? |
Sedation, ataxia |
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Gabapentin -what else can it be used for? |
-Peripheral neuropathy -Postherpetic neuralgia |
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Phenobarbital -MOA?
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Increase GABA A action
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Phenobarbital -Clinical use? |
Simple, complex, tonic-clonic seizure |
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Phenobarbial -Side effects? |
-Sedation, tolerance, dependence -induction of cyp P-450 -cardiorespiratory depression |
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Phenobarbial -in what population is this drug 1st line? |
1st line in neonates |
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Topiramate -MOA? |
-Blocks Na+ channels -Increase GABA action |
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Topiramate -Clinical use? |
Simple, complex, tonic-clonic seizures |
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Topiramate -side effects? |
Sedation, mental dulling, kidney stones, weight loss |
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Topiramate -what other conditions can be prevented with use of topiramate? |
Migraine prevention |
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Lamotrigine -MOA? |
Blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels |
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Lamotrigine -clinical use? |
Simple, complex, tonic-clonic, absence seizures? |
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Lamotrigine -Side-effects? |
Steven-Johnson syndrome (must-be titrated slowly |
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Levetiracetam -MOA? |
Unknown -may modulate GABA and glutamate release |
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Levetiracetam -clinical use? |
Use for simple, complex, tonic-clonic seizures |
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Tiagabine -MOA? |
Increase GABA by inhibiting reuptake |
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Tiagabine -Clinical use? |
Simple, complex |
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Vigabatrin -MOA? |
Increase GABA by irreversibly inhibiting GABA transaminase |
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Vigabatrin -Clinical use? |
Simple, complex |
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Steven Johnson syndrome? what is it? |
Prodrome of malise and fever -followed by rapid onset of erythematous/purpuric macules (oral, ocular, genital) -Skin progresses to epidermal necrosis and sloughing |
