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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Definition of Epidemiology?
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Study of:
Distribution/Determinants of Health-related states/events in Specified populations..... & Application to control health problems |
Definitions: Epidemiology + Public Health Surveillance
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Public Health Surveillance
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Ongoing systematic collection/analysis/interpretation of: outcome-specific data...
For Use in planning/implementation/evaluation of public health practice, Integrated w/ timely dissemination of data to those responsible for PREVENTION and CONTROL |
Definitions: Epidemiology + Public Health Surveillance
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Selection Bias
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"LOST TO FOLLOW UP"
Screw up: How you got participants |
Accuracy in Epidemiological Studies
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Information Bias
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Screw up:
How you collected data ("MISMEASUREMENT") 2 types: Nondifferential (RANDOM errors), differential |
Accuracy in Epidemiological Studies
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Confounding
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DISTORTION of association between:
EXPOSURE and health OUTCOME by a "3rd Variable" related to both |
Accuracy in Epidemiological Studies
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Reliability
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Same measure, time after time
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Accuracy in Epidemiological Studies
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Validity
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Does your measure measure what it's supposed to measure
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Accuracy in Epidemiological Studies
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Reliability + Validity Chart
(distinguish which reliable / valid) |
All close together: reliable
Scattered but close to "aim" of study: Validity |
Accuracy in Epidemiological Studies
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Observational Study
vs. Experimental Study |
OBSERVATIONAL:
Observe Exposure / Outcome of Interest (NO INTERVENTION) EXPERIMENTAL: MANIPULATE EXPOSURE of interest |
Types of Scientific Investigations
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Examples of Experimental Studies?
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Randomized Control Study
Non-Randomized Control Study |
Types of Scientific Investigations
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Examples of Observational Studies?
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Cohort Study
Case-Control Study Cross-Sectional Study |
Types of Scientific Investigations
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Why Randomize?
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Equalize the effects of extraneous variables
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Randomized Clinical Trials: Randomization
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What is the purpose of double blinding?
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Avoid observer and subject vias
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Randomized Clinical Trials: Double-Blinding
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Single Blind
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Only investigator knows who's treated
Subject unaware of type of their treatment |
Randomized Clinical Trials: Double-Blinding
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Double Blind
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Investigator doesn't know which treatment given
Subject doesn't know which treatment received |
Randomized Clinical Trials: Double-Blinding
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