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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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EXPERIMENTAL v. OBSERVATIONAL:
Experimental Study |
Investigator MANIPULATES or CONTROLS exposure of interest
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EXPERIMENTAL v. OBSERVATIONAL:
Experimental Study (EXAMPLE) |
Randomized Clinical Trial
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EXPERIMENTAL v. OBSERVATIONAL:
Observational Study |
Investigator OBSERVES and RECORDS events as they occur in nature (DOESN'T CONTROL EXPOSURE)
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EXPERIMENTAL v. OBSERVATIONAL:
Observational Study (EXAMPLE) |
Cohort Studies
Case-Control Studies Cross-Sectional Studies |
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STUDY DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS:
Randomized Clinical Trials |
-COMMON, experimental
-Invest. manipulates/determines exposure -USUALLY, exposure: "Treatment Modality" |
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STUDY DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS:
Cohort Study |
Investigator:
-measures exposures -follows subjects / t -Documents outcomes "of interest" (Disease and Death) |
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STUDY DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS:
Cohort Study (EXAMPLE) |
Framingham Heart Study
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STUDY DESIGN
CHARACTERISTICS: Case-Control |
-Participants identified b.o. disease status [exposures hx's compared to non-disease controls --> identify RF's ass.d with dz occurence]
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STUDY DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS:
Cross-Sectional Studies |
Participants selected randomly from a "TARGET POPULATION", WITHOUT REGARD TO DISEASE STATUS
-Infmn abt exposure/disease collected at the same time from participants |
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STUDY DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS:
Cross-Sectional Studies (EXAMPLE) |
Ask survey participants about:
-physical activity (exposure) -presence/absence of HTN (disease) Then, look for assn's b/w physical activity & HTN |
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When do you engage a biostatician?
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during the EARLIEST STAGES of Development and Planning
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An "ANALYSIS PLAN," developed WITH a biostatician, includes what?
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"POWER CALCULATIONS"
...to determine how many subjects req'd to support statistical analysis |
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STUDY DESIGN:
"Up Front" |
-Choose an interesting topic
-Identify mentor/collaborators -State study rationale (clear,concise) -Obtain training + approvals [MS Research Committee, Human research protections, Animal protections] |
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STUDY DESIGN:
"Analysis Plan" |
-Define study design
-Identify descriptive/analytic stat methods -Determine statistical power of study ["HOW MANY SUBJECTS DO YOU NEED?"] **-Envision summaries and graphs** |
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STUDY DESIGN:
Components of a Research Proposal |
Abstract
Title Background and Rationale Question(s) or Hypothesis(es) Methods (incl. Statistical Analysis) **Possible Difficulties** **Student's role in the project** Timetable References |
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When was the term "Risk Factor" first introduced?
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Framingham Heart Study
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What is a Risk Factor?
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CHARACTERISTIC or ATTRIBUTE that
"Modifies one's chance of developing a dz" |
