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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the four processes by which the body can lose heat during exercise
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Conduction
Convection Radiation Evaporation |
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Define
Conduction Convection Radiation Evaporation |
Conduction- transfer of heat from solid to solid
Convection- moving heat through motion of liquid or gas across a hot surface Radiation- infared rays Evaporation- sweating, fluid evaporates |
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What is the primary mode of heat loss during rest? exercise?
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Rest=radiation
Exercise=Evaporation |
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What is the equation for the state of heat balance in the body?
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M-W+C+C+R-E=S
Metabolism Work Conduction Convection Radiation Evaporation Storage |
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How are hyperthermia and hypothermia regulated?
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Hyperthermia- body temp rise to 104+ because of hot and humid conditions
Hypothermia-body temp drops below 95 from being in a cold environment with no method of thermoregulation |
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What are the four effectors that alter body temperature?
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Air Temp
Air Velocity Humidity Amt of thermal regulation |
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How does the cardiovascular system respond to acute and chronic exposure to heat?
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Not well. Stroke Volume, Cardiac Output, and Heart Rate decrease
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How does training reduce electrolyte loss?
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Training improves cardiovascular health and blood flow. The muscles require less nutrients.
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Explain Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature
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Simultaneously accounts for conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation
Dry bulb measures air temp Wet bulb measures temp as water evaps from it Black globe absorbs radiated heat |
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What are the three heat-related illnesses?
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Heat Cramps
Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke |
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Describe heat cramps
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Sodium loss, dehydration
Severe and painful crmaping in large muscle groups Cooler location and dehydration |
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Describe heat exhaustion
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caridovascular system's inability to function as the body becomes dehydrated and blood volume decreases
fatigue, dizziness, vomiting, rapid pulse Cooler location, elevate feet, oral saline |
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Describe heat stroke
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failure of the body's thermoregulation system
Internal body temp above 40 celcius, cessation of active sweating, confusion, unconcious |
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What steps should be taken to prevent hyperthermia?
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-Adequate fluids
-lightwieght, light colored clothing -avoid humidity above WBGT of 28 C |
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How does the body prevent heat loss in cold environments?
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Peripheral vasoconstriction- directs blood flow away from skin and more to vital organs
Nonshivering thermogenesis- stimulation of metabolism by the Sympathetic NS Shivering- involuntary rapid contraction and relaxation of muscles to increase heat production |
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What happens to muscle function and metabolism when exposed to cold?
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Muscles cannot produce as much force and fatigue happens quicker
Metabolism heat production decreases |
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How does hypothermia affect the cardiovascular systen?
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Hypothermia causes heart rate to drop, from impaired cardiac conduction through the SA node.
Decreases respiratory rate and volume. |
