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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metamorphic rock
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A rock that has been altered by the application of pressure and/or heat
- Rock does not melt |
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Recrystallization
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Change in the size and shape of the grains but NOT the mineral composition
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Phase Change
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- Change in the crystal structure - in the solid state - a rearrangement of existing atoms
- Can result in volume change as well |
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Neocrystallization
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The growth of new mineral from those in the protolith
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Plastic Deformation (Compression)
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- Mineral change their shape plastically (they DO NOT melt)
- Under constant pressure - Physically deforming - Shearing - Compression and shearing imparts a “foliation” - an alignment of minerals inside the rock |
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Shearing
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Skewing
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Foliated Metamorphic Rocks
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- rocks that have experienced compression and/or shearing
- Slate - Phyllite - Schist - Gneiss |
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Slate
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- (least amount of pressure/heat)
- Foliation: Cleavage - Break along aligned grain sheets - FIne grained |
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Phyllite
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- Foliation: Crenulation
- Wavy surface textured, wave-like pattern - Silvery sheen - Fine grained |
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Schist
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- Foliation: Schistosity
- All minerals flat - Multiple layers of large, flattened down minerals |
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Gneiss
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- (most amount of pressure/heat, add more and it turns back to igneous)
- Foliation: Banded of layered - Minerals settle into bands |
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Non-foliated Metamorphic Rocks
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Rocks that have experienced heat and little to no pressure
- Marble (limestone) - Hornfels (Mudstone) - Quartzite (sandstone) - Anthracite (coal) |
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Thermal or Contact Metamorphism
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- Heat only (little to no pressure)
- Ex: surface rocks heated by lava, bedrock surrounded by intrusions is heated |
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Dynamothermal or Regional Metamorphism
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- Heat, compression, shearing, PRESSURE
- Happens deep within subduction zone (deep burial heats, compresses and shears rocks) - Common in continental-continental crust collisions |
