Eos 170 Hazards From Space

Front 1

Source of impacts from space include:

Back 1

> asteroids
> comets
> fragmentation of asteroids

Front 2

Explain the 3 types of asteroid fragmentation

Back 2

> meteoroids - before
> meteors - during
> meteorites - after

Front 3

What are the types of meteorites?

Back 3

2 types: stony and iron

Front 4

T/F most meteoroids are chondritic, but most meteorites are iron

Back 4

true

Front 5

Explain simple craters

Back 5

> created by smaller meteorites
> raised rims
> concave bottoms without central uplift

Front 6

explain complex craters

Back 6

created by larger meteorites, asteroids and comets impacts melt and/or vaporize impacting body and crater rock creating complex craters.
> central uplift due to rebound
> collapsed outer rims giving enlarged crater
> crater and ejected rock changed by intense heat/ pressure; new minerals formed

Front 7

Unlike on the moon, craters on earth are erased by:

Back 7

> erosion
> subduction or continent collision
> filled by sediments

Front 8

Of the 164 known craters worldwide, how many are in Canada/ US?

Back 8

58

Front 9

What was the KT mass extinction?

Back 9

85% of all species on earth dissapeared during
> mammals and birds suffered few extinctions

Front 10

What is the KT mass extinction theory explained by?

Back 10

10km asteroid impact:
> iradium in clay enriched 300x above normal abundance similar to iron meteorites
> clay contains quartz grins with "shocked" structure indicating deformation due to violent event
> mineral spherules present indicating melt
> radioactive element ratios similar to meteorites
- worldwide distribution of shocked quartz melted rock globules, tsunami deposits 65m yrs old suggested impact site on Yucatan Pen, with buried crater
- petroleum well into region encourtered 90m thick zone of shattered rock. shocked quartz globules dated 65m yrs at 2km depth

Front 11

What is the Carrington event?

Back 11

The solar storm of 1859, also known as the Carrington event, was a powerful geomagnetic solar storm in 1859 during solar cycle 10. A solar coronal mass ejection hit Earth's magnetosphere and induced one of the largest geomagnetic storms on record