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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What five characteristics denote a mineral?
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1. naturally occuring
2. inorganic 3. solid 4. specific or narrow composition 5. ordered atomic structure |
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What mineral is graphite the same as?
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A diamond
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True or False: Glass is a mineral.
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False
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What mineral is most important in making glass and porcelain?
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Quartz
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What mineral is useful for making pesticides and explosives?
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Pyrite
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What mineral is used to put the thickness in paint thickener and milkshakes? (Hint: They get it from mud)
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Mica
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What mineral is used for making concrete and tiling?
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Gypsum
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What mineral is important for making toothpaste and aluminum cans?
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Flourite
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What is the difference between a gemstone and a gem?
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A gemstone is an uncut mineral that is special and rare, a gem is the cut stone
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What three birthstones are not minerals?
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June - Pearl
October - Opal December - Turquoise |
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What birthstones are the same?
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Aquamarine and Emerald, Sapphire and Ruby
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What is a rock?
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A coherent, naturally occuring solid, consisting of an aggregate of minerals or a mass of glass
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What does coherent mean?
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The grains that make up a rock hold together and can be broken
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aggregate
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collection
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Grains
Clasts |
Fragments
Crystals That make up the rock |
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In what two ways are grains held together?
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By cement or by interlocking
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Cement
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Cemented Rocks - Mineral material that precipitated btwn grinas and glued them together
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Interlocking
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Crystalline rocks - Grains tightly interlock like jigsaw puzzle
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Bedrock
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Rocks still attached to earth's crust
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float
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Rocks loosely lying on earth's surface
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Outcrop
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exposure of bedrock at earth's surface
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Hand-specimen
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rock sample small enough to fit in hand
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Igneous rocks
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Rocks formed by solidification of cooled magma - have interlocking texture
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What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?
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Clastic, Biogenic, and Chemical
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Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
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cemented together fragments of pre-existing rocks
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Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
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precipitation of crystals out of solution - interlocking texture
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Biogenic Sedimentary Rocks
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clasts/grains consist of skeletal material - pelagic sediment - cemented texture
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Metamorphic Rocks
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Created when pre-existing rocks form into new rocks from change in pressure/temp - are interlocked or cemented
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