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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Theory
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an explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate facts, laws, inferences, and unfalsified hypotheses. Incorporate info from variety of fields
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True or False: A theory can be wrong.
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True
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What model was popularly used to explain the surface of the Earth before plate tectonics?
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The wrinkled apple model
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What was the first problem with the wrinkled apple model?
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Earth's mountain ranges and seas and valleys are not randomly distrubuted across earth's surface
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What was the second problem with the wrinkled apple model?
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It did not address why coastlines of Africa and South America fit together
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Who proposed the first theory of continental drift? In what year?
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Alfred Wegener - 1912
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What are the six points of his proposition?
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FGVMFC
1. The Fit of the continents 2. Distribution of Glacial Deposits 3. Distribution of Very Old Rocks 4. Distribution of Mountain Belts 5. Distribution of Fossils 6. Distribution of Climatic Zones |
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What is the name of the single landmass that once connected all continents?
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Pangaea
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What are the four continents on which glacial deposits were found?
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South America, Africa, Australia, and Europe(India)
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What is the name of the former belt cited by the Distribution of Mountain Belts?
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The Central Pangaean Mountains
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What was a popular idea used by many to explain the fossils of terrestrial organisms on different continents?
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That there were landbridges once connecting the continents, now submerged under oceans.
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What are the four researched rocks for climatic zones and to which zones do they correspond?
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Sandstones & Rock Salt - Hot, Dry Deserts
Limestone - Warm, Tropical Oceans Coal - Warm, Dense Swamps Glacial Debris - Polar Regions (Glaciers) |
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What are reasons why Wegeners ideas were met with skepticism?
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1. No acceptable mechanism for movement of continents
2. Dubious calculations of drift velocities 3. dislike of meteorologist speeking to geologists 4. He was German (WW1) |
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Who proposed the first mechanism for continental drift? In what year?
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Arthur Holmes - 1928
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Convection Currents Hypothesis
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Convection currents from inside the earth heat up the basaltic ocean floor, causing it to rise and break up the granitic land, pulling the land apart like a conveyor belt.
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