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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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True or False: all enzymes are proteins
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mostly true: with the exception of catalytic RNA species, all enzymes are proteins
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What is an apoenzyme?
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the protein part of an enzyme. Some enzymes need other molecules, coenzymes or cofactors, which aid in the catalytic reaction.
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What is a cofactor?
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Cofactors are usually metal ions (iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and copper (Cu)
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What is a coenzyme?
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coenzymes are small organic molecules (derivatives of water-soluble vitamins)
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What is the allosteric site of an enzyme?
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small effector molecules can be bound and change the conformation of the enzyme to increase or decrease its activity at this site
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What is an isoenzyme?
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catalyze the same reaction but differ slightly in amino acid composition and are electrophoretically distinguishable because of differences in one or more non-critical residues that are not required for activity
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Why are enzymes effective?
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When they lower the activation energy of a substrate, they are causing the substrate to move towards a transition state which is most reactive
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