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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are oxidoreductases?
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EC # 1; Enzymes that are involved in oxidation-reduction reactions. Use coenzymes such as NAD+, NADP+, FAD coenzyme Q, or O2 as the electron receptor; Examples include: Dehydrogenases, Oxidases, Reductases
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Transferases
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EC#2 : Enzymes that are involved in the Transfer of a chemical group (amino group, phosphoryl group, glycosyl
group, carboxyl group, etc.) from a donor to an acceptor (e.g., transaminases, kinases). |
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What kind of enzyme would I use for the following recation:
X-P + Z -> X + Z-P |
Transferases - Kinases
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Hydrolases
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EC #3; Hydrolytic cleavage of covalent bonds between carbon and some other atoms
(e.g., peptidases, proteases, phosphatases, glycosidases). |
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Lyases:
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EC #4 Non-hydrolytic cleavage of covalent bonds between carbon and other atoms such
as carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen (e.g., decarboxylases, dehydratases, aldolase). |
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What is the difference between Hydrolases and Lyases?
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Hydrolases uses water and Lyases does not
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Isomerases:
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EC # 5; Molecular rearrangement within a molecule without any change in
molecular formula (e.g., isomerases, epimerases, mutases). |
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What enzyme catagory would I use if i wanted to change an molecule from D to L conformation
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I would use an isomerases which basically changes the moves functional groups around without actually changing the molecular makeup
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Ligases:
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EC # 6 Formation of covalent bonds between carbon and other atoms such as sulfur,
nitrogen, or oxygen). Frequently, use ATP or GTP as the energy source to carry out the reaction (e.g., carboxylases, thiokinases). |
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What are the three main categories of the non-protein componets of an enzyme? Where they derived from?
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Prosthetic groups, coenzymes, cofactors; they come from vitamins
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What does the vitamin thiamin give us
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Thiamin a B1 vitamin gives us thiamin pyrophosphate
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What does Riboflavin gives us
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FAD and FMN
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Whats does Niacin (Nicotinic Acid)
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NAD+ and NADP+
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What does pantothenic Acid give us
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Coenzyme A
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What does pyridoxine give us
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pyridoxal Phosphate
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How does the active site form?
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Basically, when the protein folds together some different AAs are brought in close proxmity of each other thus forming the active site.
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What happens at equlibrium to the concentrations of P and S where S -> P
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they are not necessarily equal but stable. so the velocity of the forward reaction becomes equal to the velocity of the reverse reaction
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Do enzymes effect the amount of product?
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No, they only effect the time it takes to get the product.; the equilibrium state is reached much faster in the presence of the enzymes.
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Is the free energy changed by using an enzyme?>
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no, the free energy is the same.
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what is the relationship between Velocity, and Activatiion energy?
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V = 1/ Eact
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What are the 3 main features of the active site of an enzymes?
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-occupies only a small part of the enzyme, clefts of the enzyme
-it is 3 - dimensional -the substrates are bound weakly to the active site.they bind in a way that resembles thhe geometry of the transition state; the enzyme provides groups that enhance the probabilty that the transition state will occur. |
