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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Minerals |
Atoms bonded together Naturally occurring Inorganic crystalline solid Definable chemical composition Unique set of physical properties |
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Ions |
Atoms with an electrical charge (unequal amount of protons and electrons) |
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Isotopes |
Atoms with different atomic mass (diff # of neutrons) |
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Ionic bonding |
Electrical attraction between between ions of opposite charge 90% minerals are formed with this |
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Covalent bonding |
Electrons are shared between atoms Tend to be stronger than ionic bonding |
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Polymorphs |
Graphite (covalent and van del waal) Diamond (covalent) Minerals that have same chemical composition but diff bond structure |
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Metallic bonding |
Electrons sharing where electrons move freely through the structure Unique to metals |
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Intermolecular bonding |
Van der waal Weak attraction |
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Composition of earth’s crust |
Oxygen and silicon account for almost 75% of the crust |
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Silicate minerals |
Most common Anion is the silica tetrahedron 1 silicon atom bonded to 4 O atoms Ex: feldspar, muscovite |
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Native minerals |
Graphite, native sulfur, native copper |
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Carbonate minerals |
Anion is the carbonate anion |
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Oxide minerals |
Magnetite Fe3O4 Main source of iron |
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Sulfide minerals |
Ore minerals Source of toxic waste from improperly maintained mines |
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Mafic |
Minerals and rocks that contain relatively high amounts of Mg and Fe; Dark color and high density |
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Felsic |
Minerals and rocks that contain lower Mg and Fe and are higher in Na, K, and silica; light color and low density |
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Viscosity |
Thick; resistance to flow |
