Environmental Ethics

Front 1

What is environmental ethics?

Back 1

The ethical relationship between people and the natural world and the kind of decision people have to make about the environment.

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Conservation approach

Back 2

Looks at valuable that environment is to us as humans and how its welfare will affect us. They believe that we must reduce/reuse/recycle etc, in order for humanity to survive. Plants and animals have instrumental value for humans. Humans have intrinsic value and their interests should be protected at the expense of other non-human entities.

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Michael la bossiere view

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Suggested that species should be allowed to die out as this is just part of the natural process of evolution. He states that humans have no obligation to prevent natural extinction but this does not mean that humans should have free hand in eradicating species, even when it would benefit humanity.

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Libertarianism

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Called for a new approach to the environment. Leopold believed it was wrong to see the world in terms of its economic worth to humans. We need to think about our relationship with the land, animals and plants.

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Aarne naess view

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He stated that there are two ecology movements. Concerned with pollution, depletion of natural resources and usefulness of earth for humans. Concerned with the richness, diversity and intrinsic value of all the natural world. Every being whether human, animal has an equal right to live and blossom = ecosophy.

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Naess and Sessions eight fold platform

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All life value, independently of its usefulness to humans. Richness and diversity contribute to life's well being. Humans have no right to reduce this richness. The impact of humans in the world is excessive and is getting worse. Humans lifestyles and population are key to this impact. The diversity of life can only flourish with reduced human impact. Basic ideological, political, economic and technological structures must change. If you agree with these points then you have an obligation to implement changes and do so peacefully and democratically.

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Definition of global warming

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An unequivocal and continuing rise in the average temperature of Earth's climate change

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What is the Gaia hypothesis

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James Lovelock developed it. Proposes that organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth to form a self-regulating, complex system that contributes to maintaining the conditions for life on the planet.

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Darwin's view to Lovelock

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the survival of the fittest means that species that adapt and develop in response to altered conditions will survive.

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Gods view

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God has concerns over his creations and we are on a process to re-establish the bond between God and us. All of his creation has the intrinsic value this a strong reference.

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Dominion view (conservation)

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Humans have dominion over the natural world, is seen by many as anthropocentric. Peter Singer says the natural world exists for the benefit of human beings. Humans are the only morally important members of this world. Nature its self is of no intrinsic value.

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Stewardship view (libertrain)

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We are to care for and conserve creation because it belongs to God. Creation is made by God and is good, so must be preserved because it has intrinsic value.

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Peter Singer's view

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We can work out the value of the enviroment by detereming the relationship between our human experience and the usefulness of it.

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Deep ecology

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Non religious based theory

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shallow ecology

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we should care for the environment because it will benefit society

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egoism

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humans will always do what is their best interest and if this means destroying environment for short term gain then so be it