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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Forest Biomes (chpt 11)
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- Boreal, temperate, and tropical forests
- Cover 30% of the planets land mass |
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Forest Structure (chpt 11)
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1. Canopy
2. The understory 3. The forest floor |
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Forest ecosystem services (chpt 11)
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-Carbon sinks, watershed services, soil protection, disturbance regulation, biodiversity, food, nutrient cycling.
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Threats to forests (chpt 11)
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- Cattle ranching, logging, roads, subsistence farming, fires, harvesting, pest infestation.
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Harvesting Methods (chpt 11)
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Clear cutting, strip harvesting, select harvesting, and shelterwood harvesting
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How to protect forests (chpt 11)
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- Price ecosystem services
- Promote sustainable wood products - ecotourism - Support legislation |
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Grassland biomes (chpt 12)
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Lands dominated by grasses rather than shrubs or trees.
- Savanna - Temperate grassland |
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Grassland ecosystem services (chpt 12)
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- Wildlife habitat, grazing, biofuel, nutrient cycling, soil formation, protection of surface water
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Grassland threats (chpt 12)
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- climate change, human land use, overgrazing, invasive species
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Desertification (chpt 12)
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Fertile soil transitioning into the desert. 70% of the planets rangeland is threatened
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Marine ecosystem diversity (chpt 13)
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Greater variety of plants and animals than in all the land masses combined.
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Why do oceans matter? (chpt 13)
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- fisheries/food, recreation, nutrient cycling, oxygen production, temperature regulations, shoreline protection, medicine
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Coral reefs (chpt 13)
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- among the most bio-diverse ecosystems on Earth
- found in shallow nutrient-poor ecosystems of the tropics |
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Threats to coral reefs (chpt 13)
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Fishing, pollution, invasive species, acidification, climate change
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Fisheries (chpt 14)
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a place where fish are bred for commercial purposes
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What causes fisheries to collapse? (chpt 14)
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technological advances, pollution from fish trafficking, damage to sea beds, by- catch, increased demand, tragedy of the commons
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Current status of fisheries (chpt 14)
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- Much larger than in the past
- 68% of fisheries are sustainably fished |
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Consequences of depleted fisheries (chpt 14)
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- fishing down the food chain
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Solutions to fisheries (chpt 14)
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- exclusive economic zones
- marine protected areas - sustainable fisheries |
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What is fresh water? (chpt 15)
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Water that has few dissolved ions such as salt
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How much freshwater is there? (chpt 15)
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2% of Earth's water is fresh
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What is water cycling? (chpt 15)
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The cycle of water between gas and liquid
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Water scarcity facts (chpt 15)
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- 1 in 3 people lack access to clean water
- 3 million people a year die of water related health problems - UN estimates that 2 in 3 people will face water shortage by 2025 - US use 150 gallons of water per day |
