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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
health
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state of complete physical and mental health
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disease
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abnormal change in body conditions
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morbidity
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illness
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mortality
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death
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environmental health
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focusses on external factors such as disease technological
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daly's
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disability ajusted life years
total cost of disease ex . premature death |
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pathogens
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disease causing organisms ex. bacteria
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emergent diseases
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not previously known absent for 20 years or more
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toxins
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poisons
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allergens
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substances that activate immune system in a bad way
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antigens
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ex cancer provoke working of white blood cells to provide certain proteins
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sick building syndrome
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when sick by indoor air
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neurotoxins
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class of metabolic poisons that specifically attack nerve / cells
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mutagens
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chemicals and radiation that alter dna cells ex. birth deffects
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teratogens
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cause abnomalities during embryonic growth and development
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carcinogens
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substances that cause cancer and tumors
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bioaccumulation
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selective absorbtion and storage of great variety of molecules ex dilute toxins in cells bad
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biomagnification
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when a larger animal ex lion eats an animal with toxins and makes a build up of toxins
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synergism
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causes a more risk for some thing else ex. lung cancer & espestos 20 fold
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cute affects
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single exposure to a toxin
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chronic effects
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long lasting effects
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primary pollutants
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reasleased directly into the air from a source
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secondary pollutants
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hazordous when mixed with air
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fugitive emmissions
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are those that do not go through filter smog
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ambient air
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air we breathe
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conventional/ criteria pollutants
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contribute the largest volume of air quality (7)degredation and also are considered the msot serious threat of all air pollutants to human health and well fair
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sulfer dioxide
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criteria polllutant that is a colorless gas that damages plants and animals makes acid rain
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nitrogen oxides
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makes smog
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co2
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cause global warming
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carbon monoxide
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toxic gas from combustion of fuel hurts respitory system
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carcinogens
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substances that cause cancer and tumors
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bioaccumulation
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selective absorbtion and storage of great variety of molecules ex dilute toxins in cells bad
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biomagnification
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when a larger animal ex lion eats an animal with toxins and makes a build up of toxins
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synergism
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causes a more risk for some thing else ex. lung cancer & espestos 20 fold
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cute affects
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single exposure to a toxin
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chronic effects
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long lasting effects
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primary pollutants
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reasleased directly into the air from a source
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secondary pollutants
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hazordous when mixed with air
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fugitive emmissions
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are those that do not go through filter smog
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ambient air
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air we breathe
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conventional/ criteria pollutants
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contribute the largest volume of air quality (7)degredation and also are considered the msot serious threat of all air pollutants to human health and well fair
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sulfer dioxide
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criteria polllutant that is a colorless gas that damages plants and animals makes acid rain
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nitrogen oxides
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makes smog
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co2
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cause global warming
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carbon monoxide
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toxic gas from combustion of fuel hurts respitory system
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aerosol
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and solid particles suspended in the air by gas
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particulate material
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aerosol dust ash soot
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volitile organic compounds
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organic compounds that exist as a gas in the air
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photochemical oxidents
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are products of ozone
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aesthetic degredation
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any undersirable changes in the physical characteristics or chemistry of atmosphere
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cfc's
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halon gases that stay in air for long time
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point sources
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discharge of pollution from a specific locations ex. drain pipe
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nonpoint sources
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no specific location for pollution ex. storm
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atmospheric deposition
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contaminants carried by air currants and made into water sheds or directly onto surface waters like rain or snow
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coliform bacteria
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poop
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do
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depends on contentin water like factors other than pollution ex. temp relates to survival of aquatic organisms
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aeration
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amount that a river can get rid of waste
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oligotrophic
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water that has clear water and low bio productivity
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eutrophic
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lots of rish organisms and plant life depends on depth of water mineral and biota of water
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cultural eutrophication
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increase in biological productivity and ecosystem succession caused by human activities
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red tide
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bloom of deadly aquatic microorganisms called dinoflagellets killes many fish come from runoff
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thermal plume
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when water disrups natural bio of water prob is factories energy plants
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effluent sewage
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ex boat hybrid of sewer system and septic plant
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waste stream
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steady stream of runoff
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sanitary landfills
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where solid waste disposal is regualted and controlled by being crushed and covered with dirt
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energy recovery/ labfill
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when waste is used to produce energy and waste is sorted
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refuse derived fuel
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incineratoins when garbage is burned regardless to what it is
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composting
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using waste to fertilize
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demanufacturing
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disassembly and recycling of obsolete products such as TV sets into waste
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ewaste
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computers cand cell pohones and are piling up
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toxic release inventory
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tells residence what is in their neighborhood
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superfund
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1 immediate response to emergency situation to hazordous
2 clean up or remidiate abandoned or inactive sites ex. tear down nasty buildings |
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brownfieds
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nasty land that is not used up mainly in city's
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permanent retrievable storage
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placing waste in cavern in a controlled environment that can be retrieved at a different time
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Classical economy's
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branch of moral philosophy based on individual interest and values
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demand
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ammount of a product or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at various possible prices
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supply
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quantity of that product being offered for sale at various prices
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market equilibrium
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when supply and demand are relatively close
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marginal costs and benefts
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whatit will cost to produce
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capital
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any form of wealth available for use in the production of more wealth
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resource
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anything with potential use in creationg wealth
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nonrenewable source
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minerals ex. ones that cant be replaced
ex. fossil fuels |
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political economy
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moral philosophy uses old values such as only worry about urself
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neoclassical economics
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principles of modern science example dont litter need to grow to better people and envi
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ecological economics
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worry about environment only
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steady state economy
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advocated low human birth and death rates stability in enviroment
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intangible resources
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national parks based on beauty and asthetics
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proven reserves
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mapped resources
ex. coal mined |
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known resources
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known but not necessary used solar energy
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undiscovered resources
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speculative resources
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recoverable resources
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accessible through modern technology digging for oil/ fuels
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tragedy of the commons
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book written by garret hardin telling that the world has problems because the only thing people care about is themselves
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open access system
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no rules to manage resource mainly owned by natives succesful ex. maine lobster
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communal resource managment
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1 - live there 2- clearly defined boundries 3- communtiy size known 4- resource scarce 5- management enforced 6- monitored resource 7- incentives
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gross national product
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how much people spend
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gross domestic product
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amount/ sold made in country
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genuine progress index
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take account gross and income not very acurate
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cost benifit analysis
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assign values to resources and to env. / social effects of carring out to remove or touch
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pollution charges
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fees assesed per unit of effluent. how much pollution a business lets go
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emissions trading
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companies can sell credits to other companies so they can produce more pollution
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discount rates
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time factor into accoutning more important to get rid and have now then keep
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external costs
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expenses that are borne by someone other than the individuals who use resource
ex. using water to flush toilets/ waste |
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internalizing costs
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some one who benifts from a resource also pays for it
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triple bottom line
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corporate responsibilty that deals with measaure of success
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