Entomology 17

Front 1

Do exoskeletons accommodate growth?

Back 1

yes

the rigid exoskeleton must at some point be shed to accommodate growth

Front 2

what is a speculation about the exoskeleton in terms of growth?

Back 2

exoskeleton limits body size

Front 3

what happens to "soft cuticle" as body size increases

Back 3

some soft cuticle can stretch and grow in area as body size increases

Front 4

what happens to the weight of a terrestrial insect as it molts?

Back 4

a small drop of weight at the molt. A terrestrial insect usually inflates with air before the new cuticle hardens

Front 5

During the molt of a terrestrial insect

the abdomen _____ as the inter segmental membranes unfold

when does the femur grow?

Back 5

grows linearly

length of the rigid femur (hard part of the leg) can only increase during the molt

Front 6

why does the weight of an aquatic insect increase during the molt

Back 6

because it absorbs water rather than air to inflate

Front 7

a wasp can live in a very hot and dry location...why is this

Back 7

extremely water proof

smallest insects are the size of many protozoa

Front 8

insect cuticle contain a wide variety of compounds.

what are the two types that contribute to its rigidity?

Back 8

chitin and sclerotized proteins

Front 9

what is the technical name of Chitin

Back 9

N-acetyl D-glucosamine

Front 10

The chitin molecules are arranged in
sheets of _______. These
are stacked in a ________.

Back 10

parallel microfibrils

rotating arrangement

Front 11

The presence of _____
molecules that may cross-link
proteins is associated with the
dark pigment melanin.

Back 11

quinone

hard cuticular structure are usually dark in color

Front 12

what are two examples of rough structures?

what do they contain ?

Back 12

cutting edge of mandible or ovipositor

minerals

Front 13

which insect push the ovipositor (egg depositing structure) through solid wood to reach grub

Back 13

some parasitic wasps

Front 14

Metals in a spider “fang” somehow visualized using
the _________.

Back 14

Stanford Synchrotron

Front 15

larva of beetle family have a very hard ____
legs are ____
and body is _____

Back 15

hard

legs not so much

body is very soft

Front 16

what protein it elastic and durable

Back 16

resilin

Front 17

what is one of the functions of resilin?

Back 17

store energy for quick movement e.g. jumping

Front 18

which insect can jump 100 body lengths?

Back 18

frog hopper

Front 19

which protein fluorescence under uv

Back 19

resilin

Front 20

A _______” is a common component
of insect locomotion.

Back 20

resilin “spring"

Front 21

the insect integument= ?+?

Back 21

epidermis + cuticle

Front 22

three things about the epicuticle

Back 22

-various non polar compounds
-prevents dessication
-other functions : example conspecific or kin recognition

Front 23

become differentiated from endocuticle by greater sclerotization: what is this

Back 23

exocuticle

Front 24

two things about procuticle

Back 24

1. uniform when secreted
2. provides structural support

Front 25

two things about epidermis

Back 25

secrete the procuticle

and dissolves and absorbs endocuticle during the molt

Front 26

this secretes to epicuticle components

Back 26

dermal gland

this secretes to epicuticle components through pores in the procuticle

Front 27

which insects have a elaborate waxy epicuticle

Back 27

mealybugs (being tended by ants)

Front 28

in many cases color is _____

Back 28

Cuticle typically contains
pigments, but in many cases
color is structural.

Front 29

For example, iridescent colors
and UV (not visible to you) are
produced by______

this is the same thing that you see a

Back 29

interference

computer disk

Front 30

what do superimposed surfaces do ?

colors are ___or____

Back 30

reflect some light

enhanced or canceled

Front 31

what is the name of the hair like structure you can see in an insect

Back 31

seta

Front 32

what are the flat setae you can see on a butterfly of moth

Back 32

scales

Front 33

what is the common cellular arrangement for a sensory seta

Back 33

1 tormogen cell
2 trichogen cell
3 sensory cell

ALL DESCENDED FROM A SINGLE PRECURSOR CELL

Front 34

what is the function of internal cuticle structures

Back 34

they facilitate muscle attachment

Front 35

what is the internal cuticular extension for muscle attachment

Back 35

apodeme

Front 36

what was the obscure fact mentioned about arachnid limbs

Back 36

unlike insects arachnid limbs have no extenser muscles.limb extension is by hydraulic pressure

Front 37

on the side with the lobster (not sure) what is inside to meat

Back 37

apodeme

Front 38

the head usually contains powerful muscles

what is it strengthen by?

Back 38

tentorium

Front 39

what did to cockroach dissection show

Back 39

inter-segmental muscles

Front 40

which insect was shown to have a huge intersegmental muscle used for flight

Back 40

Drosophila thorax

Front 41

name the three individual segments

Back 41

1 notum tergum
2 pleuron
3 sternum

Front 42

what can the plates of the exoskeleton also be called ? name the three

Back 42

sclerites
tergites
pleurites
sternites

Front 43

there is a lot of evidence for a certain type of insect evolution

what is the ancestor?

Back 43

worm like

identical legs on many segment

Front 44

what could legs possible specialize as according to insect evolution? (3)

plus to examples

Back 44

external genitalia
mouth parts
sensory structures

antenna cercus

Front 45

according to insect evolution what happened to walking legs on abdomen ?

Back 45

lost

Front 46

The developmental plasticity of a limb
is illustrated by an antennapedia mutation.

what does the antenna develop as

Back 46

a walking leg

Front 47

what are most insect appendages thought to be derived from?

Back 47

legs

Front 48

how are wings thought to have been in the beginning?

Back 48

small short wing wouldn't have helped in flying or much in gliding

Front 49

people accept an evolutionary story under what two conditions

Back 49

• Likely intermediate stages seem to
provide an advantage and/or,
• Likely intermediate stages are known.

When one of the
latter is found it
is often called a
missing link.

Front 50

what two places could a insect wing come from?

Back 50

-extension of the notum (the dorsal cuticle)

-gills( in turn perhaps a part of a branched appendage)

Front 51

how would have the wing be attached at first

Back 51

fixed no hinged

If true then would
have to be retained
out of the water.

Front 52

what did most fossil insects have

Back 52

large pronotal lobes

Front 53

what can some small aquatic larva do

Back 53

flap their gills

Front 54

Many fossil arthropods and living
crustaceans have ________.
Perhaps one branch became a ____
while the other remained a______.

Back 54

branched limbs

wing

walking limb

Front 55

What could
be the function of a very short
wing?

Back 55

signal communication
thermal regulation
help control a fall ( probably not)

Front 56

interspecific displays with wings

Back 56

remember fly that pretended to be spider

Front 57

what do some insects currently use their wing base for?

Back 57

absorb heat