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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is fissured tongue? What is the treatment?
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• a benign condition in which tongue appears cracked
• no bleeding; no tenderness • Tx: no treatment |
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Fissured tongue in common in what condition?
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Down's syndrome
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What is Anklyoglossia?
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• aka tongue tied
• tongue cannot be fully extended to the lower lip of touch the palate (due to short frenulum) • interferes with speech |
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What is the treatment for Ankloglossia?
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• Frenulectomy
OR • Lingual Lysis |
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What causes white hairy tongue? What is the treatment?
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• caused by abnormal elongation of filiform papillae secondary to increased keratin deposits
• discolored papillae • Tx: reassurance |
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White hairy tongue is more common in which gender?
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males
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"Black" hairy tongue is caused by parkened pilli. What is the treatment?
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• vigorous brushing with abrasive toothpaste
• topical antifungals can sometimes help |
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What is geographic tongue?
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• benign inflammatory condition characterized by change in borders
• thought to be exacerbated by stress, nutritional deficiency, heredity • no treatment |
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What is varicose tongue?
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• a common benign finding in elderly
• caused by pronouced vessels • No treatment (DO NOT BIOPSY) |
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What is Glossodynia?
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• aka burning tongue
• idiopathic burning of the tongue • seen mostly in elderly females (associated with hormonal changes) • often made worse by certain foods or chemicals |
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What is the treatment for Glossodynia?
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• Vitamins (B complex, Zinc)
• Hormone replacement (to possibly treat underlying cause) |
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List 4 causes of glossitis
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• scarlet fever
• pellagra • riboflavin deficiency • immunesuppresion |
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Patient's tongue appears red, swollen, and painful with ulcerations. What is the most likely diagnosis? What is the treatment?
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• Pellagra
• Tx: Nicotinic acid |
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Patient's tongue is swollen, dark red/purplish. What is the mostly likely cause? What is the treatment?
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• Riboflavin deficiency
• Tx. Vitamin B2 |
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What is Torus palatini?
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bony hard midline palatal swelling
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What is Torus mandibularis?
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bony hard lesions arising from the inner aspect of the mandible
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Usually, a torus do not require treatment. When would you treat a torus?
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if they interfere with dentures
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What is the treatment for periodontal disease/abscess?
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• I&D
and/or • extraction of infected tooth |
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What is Cerivical Cellulits?
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• lateral neck edema
• secondary to dental abscess in lower molars |
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What is Ludwig's Angina?
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• Midline "woody" tenderness/neck swelling
• MCC: Staph aureus, Strep pyogenes |
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What is the treatment for Ludwig's Angina?
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• Clindamycin
OR • Unasyn IV |
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What is a Ranula?
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• a benign mucocele occuring in the floor of mouth
• a benign salivary cyst caused by a blocked duct |
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What is the treatment for a ranula?
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surgical removal (marsupilzation)
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Which duct lies at the base of the tongue?
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Wharton's duct (duct of the submandibular gland)
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Which duct lies in the buccal mucosa of the cheek?
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Stenson's duct (duct of the parotid gland)
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What is the clinical presentation of Hand-Foot-Mouth-Disease?
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• oral lesions coalescing to form large eroded areas
• symptoms include lymphadenopathy, malaise, fever • can present with classic palm and sole vascular lesions |
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Hand-Foot-Mouth disease normally affects what age group?
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normally afffects children
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What is Pemphigus Vulgaris?
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• a potentially fatal vesiculobullous disease
• weeping bulla considered an autoimmune disorder involving IgG reaction • oral lesions usually preced skin involvement |
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Pemphigus Vulgaris is seen more frequently in which patients?
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• 30-50 y/o
• Jews • Mediterraneans |
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What is Nikolsky's sign?
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• light lateral pressure applied to a bulla will cause it to enlarge by extension
• seen in Pemphigus Vulgaris |
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What is the treatment for Pemphigus Vulgaris?
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steroids
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What is the treatment for Primary Oral Herpes?
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Zovirax (Acyclovir)
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What can be used for local treatment treatment for recurrent oral herpes?
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Abreva (Docosanol 10%)
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What can be used for systemic treatment for recurrent oral herpes?
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• Famciclovir (Famvir)
• Valacyclovir (Valtrex) |
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What is Lichen Planus? What are risk factors?
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• a connective tissue disorder of the mouth
• risk factors - stress - females - age over 40 y/o |
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Name and describe the 4 presentations of Lichen Planus?
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• atropic: red, non-ulcerated mucosal patch
• erosive: vesicle or bulla erodes, leaving ulcers • striated: lace-like appearance • plaque-like: solid white patch |
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What is the most common appearance of Lichen Planus?
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striated
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What is the treatment for Lichen Planus?
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• stress reduction/vacation
• can be treatment with steroids |
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What is the most common oral carcinoma?
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squamous cell carcinoma (90%)
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What is the most common site of oral carcinoma?
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lateral borders of the tongue
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How can you differentiate between tonsils with exudates and concretions?
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if you pull out the exudate, more will be produced
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What pathogens can cause tonsillitis?
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• Strep pyogenes (GABHS): most common
• Strep pneumoniae • Strep viridens • M. catarrhalis • Staph aureus |
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What are treatment options for tonsillitis?
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• Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin): if mono has been ruled out
• Cefuroxime (Ceftin) • Cefpodoxime (Vantin) • Clindamycin (Cleocin) • consider corticosteroids (used in severe infecrtion to reduce inflammation) |
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What may make tonsils appear larger than they are?
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gag reflex
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What are signs/symptoms of a peritonsillar abscess?
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• dysphagia
• fever • hot potato voice • severe odynophagia • unilateral edema |
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What is the treatment for a peritonsillar abscess?
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incision and drainage
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What are the top 4 indications for tonsillectomy?
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• 3 or more infections in 12 months despite adequate treatment
• hypertrophy resulting in obstructive sleep apnea, dysphagia, or cardiopulmonary complications • recurrent peritonsillar abscess • persistent foul taste or breath secondary to chronic tonsillitis (cryptic tonsils) |
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How long is the recover period for a tonsillectomy?
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7-10 days
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