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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is another name for pinna?
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Auricle
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What organ system develops around the same time as pinna? Abnormalities of this organ system must always be checked if abnormal appearance of external ear.
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Renal – check urinary tract
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What radiological test would be used to assess abnormalities of this system?
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IVP (intravenous pyelogram)
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What is the term used to describe an abnormally small external ear?
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Microtia
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How is microtia corrected?
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Autogenous bone graft from rib 11/12. Also tissue expansion, alloplastic implants, or prostheses.
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What is another name for skin tag?
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Acrochordon
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What is the name for the surgical procedure used to correct protruding pinna?
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Otoplasty
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Where is the preauricular sinus found (in front of what specific anatomic structure of the ear)?
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Adjacent to anterior margin of ascending limb of helix
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What is the general course of treatment for infected preauricular sinuses?
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Initially, culture and antibiotic treatment.
After infection subsides, surgery to remove sinus tract; try to avoid incomplete removal. |
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Is “cauliflower ear” a preventable condition? If so, how?
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Yes.
Treat hematoma or cause first. Use proper headgear. |
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What are the presenting symptoms of auricular perichondritis?
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Presents with dull pain, redness, warmth, and swelling.
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How can cellulitis of the ear be differentiated from perichondritis?
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Cellulitis will involve the lobule of the ear. Perichondritis will not.
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What is the antibiotic of choice in the treatment of auricular perichondritis?
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Fluoroquinolone- ciprofloxacin
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Is the incidence of keloids greater is AA or Caucasians?
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AA (15x>)
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Explain the difference between keloid and hypertrophic scar?
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Keloids extend outside the boundaries of initial incision. Hypertrophic scars stay within the boundaries of incision
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What is another name for wart?
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Verruca vulgaris
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What is an osteoma?
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A new piece of bone usually growing in another piece of bone. Essentially, a cartilage/bony growth.
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What are polyps usually pathognomonic of?
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Severe middle ear disease and cholesteatoma
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What bacteria is the most common cause of furuncles (it resides on your skin surface)?
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Staphylococcus aureus.
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What complication of Herpes Zoster Oticus should you as a provider be concerned about?
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Postherpetic neuralgia and residual paralysis (facial nerve)
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What cranial nerve is the facial nerve?
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VII
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A new case of external otitis is presenting in an older person can signal the onset of what disease?
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Diabetes mellits
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What are the signs of serous otitis?
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o Dull, grey, amber, or red TM
o Bubbles or air fluid levels o TM retracted and moves to negative pressure o TM thickend o Increased vascularity (opaque) |
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What are the two predominating organisms associated with bacterial acute otitis media?
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Beta hemolytic strep and diplococcus pneumonia
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Paralysis of CNVI may be part of _____ disease, which indicate pathology at the tip of the temporal bone.
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Gradenigo’s syndrome
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What common deformity concerning the ears is found in children with cleft lip/palate?
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Eustachian tube dysfunction- fluid and germs become trapped behind eardrum, which leads to infection.
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Waardenburg’s syndrome is autosomal dominant or recessive?
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dominant
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What is the cause of progressive deafness in patients with NF1?
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Acoustic neuromas associated with the disease
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Acoustic trauma on an audiogram is indicated by a characteristic dip at ____cylces?
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4000 cycles
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BPPV (Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo) lasts for approximately how long?
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Less than 30 seconds
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Meniere’s disease last for approximately how long?
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30 minutes to 2 hours
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Vestibular neuronitis disease last for approximately how long?
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24-48 hours
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What is another term for port wine stain?
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Naevus flammeus
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What is the most common serious intracranial infection that results from cellulitis of the nose/face?
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Cavernous sinus thrombosis
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What treatment is indicated for nasal abscess?
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Intranasal drainage and treatment with antibiotics
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What is the most common cause of nasal polyps?
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allergies
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What is the greatest problem associated with nasoseptal hematomas?
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Hole left in nasal septum
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What is the term used to refer to cosmetic reconstruction of the nose?
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rhinoplasty
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What may develop if spontaneous closure of the cribiform plate fails to occur over a 6 week period?
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Recurrent bacterial meningitis
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Define “allergic shiner”.
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Dark rings under eyes due to venous stasis
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Define “allergic salute”.
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Persistent upward rubbing of the nose results in crease mark
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An adolescent boy presents with severe and recurrent posterior nosebleeds, what diagnosis is number one on your differential?
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Juvenile angiofibroma
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What diagnostic procedure is used when there is suspicion of leukoplakia?
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biopsy
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What are some common predisposing factors of leukoplakia?
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Tobacco use, chronic irritation, alcohol use, and severe immune deficiency such as HIV
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Pathology of what system should be explored when a patient present with bifid uvula and/or submucosal cleft palate?
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Middle ear pathology
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When is submaxillary pain due to submaxillary duct stone most prominent?
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During and after eating
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What symptoms are associated with mononucleosis?
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Severe fatigue, headache, sore throat (sometimes very severe), chills followed by fever, muscles aches. After a day or two the following symptoms may occur: lymphadenopathy, jaundice, measle-like skin rash anywhere on the face or body, soreness in LUQ due to enlarged spleen.
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What are the indications for tonsillectomy in patients who present with tonsillar hypertrophy/tonsillitis?
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Obstruction of swallowing/breathing especially during sleep.
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The retropharyngeal abscess is common among what age group?
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Infants and very young children
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What is the major symptom of vocal cord nodules
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Persistent hoarseness
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What is the cause of true vocal cord nodules?
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Vocal abuse
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Describe the PE findings associated with Bell’s Palsy
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Total paralysis of left facial nerve with absence of left forehead wrinkling, poor eye closure, absence of nasolabial fold, and absence of lip movement and ability to smile
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If no damage to orbital floor, a subconjunctival hematoma should resolve by itself in approximately how many weeks?
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4 weeks
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What are the treatment options for cases of frequent and unrelenting painful episodes of parotitis?
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Superficial parotidectomy or parotid duct dilation
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Most large cervical nodes are due to infection from _____ and _____?
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Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci or staphylococcus aureus
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What is the most common malignant neck mass in adolescents?
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Mass secondary to Hodgkin’s lymphoma
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What histological finding gives the contents of a dermoid cyst the appearance of a cheesy white material?
What other findings differentiate this mass from a sebaceous cyst? |
* Desquamated epithelium.
* Differentiated from sebaceous cyst by presence of hair and skin appendages. |
