Ent - Ear

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Blood supply of labyrinth

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Labyrinthine artery. Br. Of AICA

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Parts of vestibule are

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Embryological Derivatives of ear

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Furuncles are seen in

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Dimensions of tympanic membrane: thickness, length, width, Area, angle with horizontal

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Relations of middle ear walls

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Which structure forms the promontory

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Frequencies at different parts

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Skin lining the bonny EAC is

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Stratified squamous epithelium without appendages

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Forman of Huschke

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Deficiency medial to isthmus. Communicates with base of skull and parotid. Closes by 5-6 years of age

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Sharpnells membrane

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Also called pars flacida

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Aditus

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Opening on the posterior superior part of the middle ear. Use- ventilation for mastoid and spread of infection

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Sound threshold for stapedial reflex

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90-100 decibal above normal

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Stapedial reflex afferent and different and their palsy. Use.

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Afferent- 8th nerve. Palsy results in loss of reflex in both ears.

Efferent - 7th nerve. Pasly results in loss of reflex in that ear

Use - detect malingering

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Carotid wall of middle ear?

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Anterior wall

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Anterior middle ear wall opening for cord tympani

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Canal of Huguier

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Membranes in the cochlea Separating , 1. scala vestibule & media. 2. Scala media & tympani

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1. Reissner's membrane

2. Basilar membrane

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Ototoxic drugs

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A3 - Aminoglycosides

Ototoxic ( K - Kanamycin.

A - Amikacin.

N - Neomycin ( MOST OT)

Vestibulotoxic ( G - Gentamycin.

S - Streptomycin. )

- Antimalarials

- Analgesics

V - Vancomycin

- Vancomycin

C - Cyclosporin

D - Loop Diuretics

A and V are irreversible.

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Shearing force moving Basilar Membrane

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Transduction

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Auditory parhway

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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

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Calcium Carbonate crystals ( Otolith) from Macula dislodge into semicircular canals ( MC- posterior) cause vertigo.

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Bill's bar

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In Internal acoustic meatus

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MC benign Tumor of Cerbropontine angle

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Acoustic neuroma

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Rinne's and webber Algorithm

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Absolute Bone Conduction Test and Schwabach Test Algorithm

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Bony Labyrinth embryological formation

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From Mesenchymal origin. Undergoes enchondral ossification

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Fistula Ante Fenestrum

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Fixes footplate of stapes --> Otosclerosis. ( MC middle ear pathology)

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Michel Aplasia, Alexander Aplasia, Mondini A. , Scheibie A

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M - the complete absence of cochlea and nerve. Is a Contraindication for implant

A - absence of basilar turn. High frequency affected

Mo - Only 1.5 turn of the cochlea

S - vestibular dysplasia along with cochlea

MC type