Ens Final Of Tests 1 And 2

Front 1

Main purpose of worlds largest Dam, Yangtzee River did NOT include: flood control, wildlife habitat, electricity, navigation?

Back 1

Wildlife

Front 2

October 24, 2009 was 350 Day. To what number does this refer?

Back 2

Most carbon we can safely have in our atmosphere

Front 3

IPCC says we actually have to lower carbon emissions by ___% by 2020

Back 3

100%

Front 4

0157:H7 is particularly virulent form of?

Back 4

e. Coli

Front 5

What is an example of horizontal concentration?

Back 5

4 corporations slaughter 80% of cattle

Front 6

Earl Butz changed American AGR dramatically, what did he do?

Back 6

Encouraged farmers to expand production

Front 7

The leading source in the KY River..

Back 7

Sewage related

Front 8

Radioactivity is category of surface water pollution, radioactivity comes from?

Back 8

Rock weathering

Front 9

1979 U.S Legislation aimed at reducing water pollution from factories in the ________ Bill.

Back 9

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination

Front 10

According to Michael pollen, over the past 20-50 years, research to improve corn has focused entirely on_____

Back 10

Yield

Front 11

Clouds may either exacerbate or mitigate (somewhat) global warming, which cloud type adds to global warming?

Back 11

Cirrus clouds

Front 12

The principle arguing that the right to emit greenhouse gases is a right shared equally by all of the people of the earth is known as ________

Back 12

Per capita principle

Front 13

How is the failure of the indian monsson associated with global warming?

Back 13

If temperature over the Indian Ocean rise above a certain threshold then rains will fall over the ocean instead of the land

Front 14

Wetlands provide all of the following functions except: absorb flood waters, purify waste water, serve as nurseries for fish, increase peak flow after rains?

Back 14

Increase peak flow after it rains

Front 15

Anaerobic decomposition

Back 15

Methane

Front 16

Battery Recycling

Back 16

Lead

Front 17

Coal fired power plants

Back 17

Sulfer Oxide

Front 18

Fire Extinguishers

Back 18

Halons

Front 19

Gas enters ground from ground into basement

Back 19

Radon

Front 20

High temperature combustion of fossil fuels

Back 20

Ozone

Front 21

Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels

Back 21

Carbon Monoxide

Front 22

<10 micron ones most dangerous

Back 22

Particulates

Front 23

Secondary pollutant from nitrogen, VOC, sunlight

Back 23

Ozone

Front 24

Sick building syndrome

Back 24

Biologicals, new carpets, etc

Front 25

Stratospheric ozone depletion, coolant

Back 25

Chlorofluorocarbons

Front 26

The international talks on Climate change, coming up in December, will be held in the city of _____

Back 26

Coppenhagen

Front 27

A criticall endangered species in the Yangtzee River is the ______ dolphin

Back 27

Baiji

Front 28

U.S clean water legislation was helped along by the fact that the very polluted _______ river actually caught on fire in the 1960s

Back 28

Cuyahoga

Front 29

A very controversial dam is the massive ______ Dam along the Narmada River in India. This dam's stated purpose is agriculture in the support of the green revolution. The dam is near _______, a central city in India where a methyl isocyanate explosion in 1984 killed (and continues to kill) thousands.

Back 29

1. Sardar Savovar
2.Bhopal

Front 30

Of all the mega cities, the one with the worst air quality is______

Back 30

Mexico City

Front 31

In 1990, when the documentary, "Is It Hot Enough for You?" was produced, there was already evidence that rain patterns were shifting north. Drought along the __________, which is a band of semi arid land along the southern boundary of the Sahara Desert, is particularly troubling.

Back 31

Sahel

Front 32

Rather than improve the conditions under which food is produced, irradiation is often used to make unsafe food safer. Irradiation is now euphemistically called

Back 32

Cold Pasteurization

Front 33

__ once wrote that when we took animals off farms and put them onto feedlots we had, in effect, taken an old solution and made it into two new problems

Back 33

Berry

Front 34

The international treaty generally hailed as the world's most successful treaty on the environment is the ____ Protocol. Its purpose is to get stratospheric ozone-depleting gases out of use, so that the ozone can repair itself.

Back 34

Montreal

Front 35

Most surface water pollution comes from non-point sources. Of the non-point sources, 2/3 is from ___.

Back 35

Agriculture

Front 36

Degraded environments are found along the Mexican/U.S. border where assembly plants are found. These assembly plants are known as ___.

Back 36

Maquiladoras

Front 37

Kentucky" s groundwater is particularly easy to pollute because of the presence of ___. This topography is marked by caves, sinking springs, and sinkholes.

Back 37

Karst

Front 38

While Ebenezer Howard's utopian cities were called__ Cities, Frank Lloyd Wright's utopian city was called __ City

Back 38

1. Garden
2.Broad Acre

Front 39

One of the world's most sustainable cities is __, Brazil. Since the early 1970s, this city has made major strides in the areas of transportation, low income housing, recycling/waste management, and parks. The transformation of this city began in 1971, when a young architect by the name of ___ was appointed mayor.

Back 39

1.Curitiba
2.Lerner

Front 40

The Yangtze River begins in __, where it is known as the River to Heaven. Much nearer its mouth is the world's largest dam - the __ Dam.

Back 40

1. Tibet
2. Three Gorges

Front 41

Near the Yangtze River are artifacts of the __ civilization. These people were killed off by the Qin armies.

Back 41

Ba

Front 42

Chesapeake Bay is the largest __ in North America. This means that Chesapeake Bay grades from fresh to salt water.

Back 42

Estuary

Front 43

In the film about the Rhine River, you learned that in 1986 a fire at the Sandoz plant in __ (a city in Switzerland) released pesticides into the river and killed fish for 125 miles downstream. A couple of years later, a virus killed half the North Sea seals, likely the result of __ contamination. The chemicals, banned in 1983, were and are found in plastics and electrical equipment; they depress the immune system.

Back 43

1. Basel
2.PCB's

Front 44

Af

Back 44

Tropical Rainforest

Front 45

BWh

Back 45

True hot desert

Front 46

Cfb

Back 46

Marine west coast; temperate climate

Front 47

Dfc

Back 47

Continental humid climate, with short cool summers

Front 48

ET

Back 48

Tundra

Front 49

H

Back 49

Undifferentiated highlands

Front 50

What is a true statement about the environmental eras in the United States?

Back 50

During the first environmental era, the emphasis was on establishing public set-asides and creating the government agencies to oversee them

Front 51

Environmentally speaking, 1970 was an important year in the United States. Which of the following did not occur in 1970?

Back 51

Superfund was passed by Congress

Front 52

It is somewhat unclear whether plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are always better than gasoline-powered cars. All of the following are concerns, with the exception of __.
a. mercury pollution where electricity is generated by coal

b. possibly higher carbon dioxide emissions compared to conventional hybrids

c. CFC emissions associated with coal-fired power plants

d. more sulfur dioxide emissions if electricity is generated by coal

Back 52

C. CFC emissions associated with coal-fired power plants

Front 53

4. Which of the following is most likely to have a Dfc climate classification under the Koppen system?
a. the boreal forest of northern Canada b. the forest of Appalachia

c. the Lacandon forest of southern Mexico d. the mesquite forest near the Mediterranean Sea

Back 53

A. the borreal forest of northern Canada

Front 54

. In Vandana Shiva's article "The Poor are Burdened Twice," she is highly critical of __.

Back 54

Carbon emissions trading

Front 55

In 1992, an international environmental conference was held. Which of the following statements about this conference is true?
a. the conference was held in Kyoto, Japan

b. Russia boycotted the conference because of suspicions that the country's economic development would be hampered

c. the International Whaling Commission was established

d. the UN Program on Sustainable Development was created

Back 55

The UN program on sustainable development was created

Front 56

__ now rivals North Africa as the world's leading producer of border-crossing dust.

Back 56

China

Front 57

What do 440 million years ago, 370 million years ago, 250 million years ago, 210 million years ago, 65 million years ago, and now have in common?

Back 57

All major extinction events

Front 58

I read you a vignette from A Sand County Almanac. In it, the predators were killed off so that the deer population would expand. After the predators were dead, the deer over-populated and then experienced a severe population collapse. In relaying this story, the author asks us to think like a __.

Back 58

Mountain

Front 59

What does the "A" in I=PAT stand for?

Back 59

Affluence

Front 60

In 2002, the United Nations sponsored an international environmental conference in the city of __. In December of 2009, an extremely important conference will be held in Copenhagen.

Back 60

Johannesburg

Front 61

The __ is based upon the idea that we should always err on the side of caution. There will always be uncertainty, but that is no excuse for inaction. We need to anticipate and prevent, rather than try to clean up the mess.

Back 61

Precautionary Principle

Front 62

Which of the following statements about forests is false?

a. forests regulate water flow b. forests regulate nutrient cycles

c. forests serve as reservoirs of biodiversity and habitat d. forests regulate local climates

e. none of the statements are false

Back 62

E. none of the statements are false

Front 63

Which of the following is deforestation not associated with?
a. increased stream discharge b. reduced soil nutrients

c. loss of flora and fauna d. reduced sediment loads

Back 63

D. reduced sediment loads

Front 64

Of the following, which is the biggest source of oil in the oceans?

a. natural seeps b. big oil spills

c. bilge cleaning d. improper disposal by do-it-yourselfers

Back 64

D. improper disposal by do it yourselfers

Front 65

Arguably, the root cause of deforestation is __.

a. construction of a new road b. poverty

c. criminal activity d. colonialism

Back 65

B. poverty

Front 66

A number of types of pollutants harm the marine environment. Eutrophication, for example, is most strongly associated with (17)__.

Back 66

Nutrients

Front 67

Vietnam has lost over 80% of its forest, primarily since 1950. This forest loss largely occurred because of the use of a defoliant commonly called (18)__.

Back 67

Agent Orange

Front 68

Oceans are becoming more acidic because of dissolved (19)__.

Back 68

Carbon Dioxide

Front 69

In 1872, (20)__ was established as the first national park in the U.S. The park includes 2.2 million acres in Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana

Back 69

Yellowstone

Front 70

The band of drylands along the southern border of Africa's Sahara Desert is called the (21)__. It has been damaged by intensive grazing, over-cultivation, and over-exploitation of vegetation.

Back 70

Sahel

Front 71

One of the world's greatest ecological disasters is the (22)__ Sea, once the world's fourth largest inland sea. Today, this sea shared by the Central Asian countries of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan is much smaller, is surrounded by a salt desert, has few fish, and is at the center of a human health tragedy. This disaster was caused so that the Soviets could produce more (23)__.

Back 71

22. Aral
23. Cotton

Front 72

)__ is defined by the United Nations as "land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry subhumid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities."< /span>

Back 72

Desertification

Front 73

In the film The Timber Mafia, you learned about illegal logging in Indonesia. The Indonesian part of the island is called (25)__. Much of this illegal wood goes to Indonesia's next door neighbor, the country of (26)__. In this country, the wood is certified and becomes "legal."

Back 73

1.Kalimantan
2. Malaysia

Front 74

The United Nations' Brundtland Commission is noted for coining the term (27)__. This term was aimed at the idea of alleviating poverty and dealing with complex environmental problems.

Back 74

Sustainable development

Front 75

Over a dozen distinct environmental schools of thought have been identified. One of the most famous of these schools of thought is (28)___, the idea postulated by James Lovelock that the earth functions as a superorganism. Another well-known school of thought is Deep Ecology; this idea of the equal rights of all life was articulated by (29)__ in 1973. A third widely known school of thought is (30)__, the idea that moderate population growth is good because that just means that there are more brains to solve the problems.

Back 75

28. Gaia Hypothesis
29.Naess
30.Cornucopian

Front 76

In the 1962 book Silent Spring, a scientist named (31)__ illustrated that, rather than being benign, DDT was actually quite harmful in the environment. This book, along with (32)__'s A Sand County Almanac, published in 1949, are arguably two of the most important environmental books of the 20 th century.

Back 76

31. CARSON
32.Leopold

Front 77

A son of the beautiful Green Mountains of Vermont, in 1864 a man named (33)__ wrote Man and Nature, a book that documented human's adverse impacts on the earth.

Back 77

Marsh

Front 78

In 1972, leaders from around the world gathered for the first international environmental conference. This conference, at which the book Only One Earth was produced, was held in the city of (34)__. At this conference, four treaties were negotiated. We'v e talked a little about one aimed at preventing ocean dumping (hasn't been very successful), however, the most important treaty negotiated was (35)__, which was intended to protect endangered and threatened species.

Back 78

34.Stockholm
35.Cites

Front 79

There are four earth spheres, of which the hydrosphere is one. The sphere that includes rock, earth, and soil is the (36)__.

Back 79

Lithosphere

Front 80

Under the (37)__ Climate Classification System, Kentucky is designated as having a Cfa climate. The C means that we have a temperate climate. The f means that we receive precipitation throughout the year. The a means that we have hot summers.

Back 80

Koppen

Front 81

The founder of the Sierra Club, (38)__ was a preservationist. In contrast, his contemporary Gifford Pinchot was a conservationist.

Back 81

Muir

Front 82

On the geologic time scale, we are currently in the Cenozoic era and Quaternary period. The Holocene epoch began 10,000 years ago (at the end of the last ice age) but we have moved into a new epoch because of the impact of humans on the earth. This new epoch is the (39)__.

Back 82

Anthroposcene

Front 83

Large scale ecosystems are generally called (40)__. Included in this classification is the Arctic tundra, an extremely harsh environment.

Back 83

Biomes

Front 84

As a homework assignment, you went into a webpage and answered questions aimed at figuring out the amount of land needed to support your lifestyle. The (41)__ is an educational tool that calculates this impact.

Back 84

Ecological footprint

Front 85

There are a number of factors that drive or exacerbate desertification. For one, salt build-up will ruin soil; this soil condition of saltiness is called (42)__. Inappropriate farming technology, population, and all sorts of other issues are also drivers.

Back 85

Salinization

Front 86

On the U.S. Great Plains in the 1930s, a combination of low rainfall, winds, poor farming methods, and poverty produced what has come to be known as the (43)__. Today, this same area produces the grain and cattle that feeds Americans. This productivity is possible because of a huge aquifer called the (44)__ that underlies the Great Plains.

Back 86

1. Dustbowl
2. Ogallala

Front 87

In the same video clip that told us about the impact of plastic debris on baby albatross, we learned about (45)__. This chemical, which mimics estrogen in the body, leaches from plastic bottles into whatever is in the bottle.

Back 87

Bis-phenol A