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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intellectual movembent of the 17th & 18th centuries.
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Enlightenment
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The Enlightenment celebrated the powers of ______.
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Human Reason
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Enlightenment thinkers promoted religious ____________.
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toleration
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Enlightenment thinkers soghtoconstruct government free of_____________.
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tyranny
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Enlightenment thinkers believed all problem could be solved with__________.
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reason
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The Enlightenment was prompted b the __________.
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Scientific Revolution
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Sun is the center of the Solar System.
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Helicentric theory
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He devoloped the Heliocentric theory.
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Copernicus
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He developed a telescope and supported the Helicentric theory.
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Galileo
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Probably more responsible for the development of scientific method than an other individual.
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Galileo Galilei
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Galileo was forced to recant by the ____________.
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Catholic Church
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Demonstrated that planets move in ellipses/ovals.
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Johannes Kepler
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His discoveries changed the view of the universe more than anyone else's
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Isaac Newton
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He laid the foundations for the scientific theories that susquently revolutionized the world
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Isaac Newton
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Newtn developed the theory of ____________.
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Gravity
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Newton discovered that the universe is governed by__________.
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natural laws
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Newton's discoveries led people o view the universe as _________.
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mechanical
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he developed Calculus.
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Isaac Newton
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Hobbes, Locke& Rousseau were all considered _________.
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social contract theorists
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He believed governments were created to protect people from their own selfishness.
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Thomas Hobbes
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He did not believe people ever had the right to revolt.
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Thomas Hobbes
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He believed human nature was characterized by violence and disorder.
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Thomas Hobbes
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Form of Gorernment advocated by Thomas Hobbes.
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Absolute Monarchy
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He believed people had Natural Rights to life, liberty and property.
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John Locke
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John Locke believed the foundation of Government was a __________.
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Social Contract
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John Locke Believed that if people's natural rights were not protected they had the_________.
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Right to revolt
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First writer to put together in coheent form the basic ideas of constitutional democracy.
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John Locke
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John Locke wrote in defense of the___________.
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Glorious Revolution
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French Thinkers of the enlightenment.
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Philosophes(not philosophers)
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Philosophe who campaigned against intolerance.
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Voltaire
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Wrote Candide.
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Voltaire
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He combined enlightenment thinking into an Encyclopdia.
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Diderot
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Banned Diderot's Encyclopedia.
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Catholic Church
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Diderot was _________ for iswritings in the Encyclopedia.
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imprisoned
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Advocated a free market economy in the Wealth of Nations.
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Adam Smith
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Leading figure in the development of Economic Theory.
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Adam Smith
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Name for complete free market economy (leave it alone).
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Laissez
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He advocated a complete separation of powers.
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Montesquieu
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Influenced the writing of the American Constitution
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Montesquieu
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He believed the best way to protect people's liberties was by separating the power of government int legislative, executive and judicial branches.
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Montesquieu
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He argues that freedom is the birthright of all humans.
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Rousseau
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Criticized the enlightenment's excessive emphasis on reason.
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Rousseau
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He believed people needed to rely more on emotion and instinct
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Rousseau
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Author whose writings are said to have been a significant factor in the rise of socialism, nationalism, romanticism, totalitarianism and anti-rationalism.
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Jean Jacques Rousseau
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He believed you should set aside traditional beliefs and rely on observation and experiment.
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Francis Bacon
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He was an early proponent of the scientific method.
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Francis Bacon
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He believed you should doubt everything which cannont be proved.
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Rene Descartes
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Descarted believed in a search for truth one should start with faith, but with___________.
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doubt
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The only thing Descartes found that he could not doubt was his ________.
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own existence
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"I think therefore I am."
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Rene Descartes
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He was the first to place tat the center of philosophy the question: "How do I know"?
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Rene Descartes
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Doubt and question all ideas.
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Skepticism
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A denial of the possibility of knowledge
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Skepticism
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He questioned value of human reason.
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David Hume
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Total skeptic.
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David Hume
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He denied that there was any logical basis for knowing that one thing caused another. Denied knowledge of cause & effect.
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David Hume
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He concluded that there was no necessary connections between any two events in the universe.
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David Hume
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He believed that reason could not be used to explain questions of metaphysics.
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Immanuel Kant
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Tries to answer ultimate and universal questions.
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Metaphysics
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John Locke believed the mind to be a __________.
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Tabula rasa(blank slate)
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Religion based on reason and natural law.
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Deism
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Belief that God started the universe like a perfect clock and then left it alone.
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Deism
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Enlightenment's religion.
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Deism
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Some people reacted to Enlightenment and did not believe that _________ could explain the universe.
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reason alone
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