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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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EnvE Goals |
(1) Provide safe water, (2) Dispose and Recycle Waste, (3) Control Pollution, (4) Develop and Implement Policies |
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EnvE Approach |
Design and build models to (1) understand the system, (2) model and predict what will happen, (3) test/optimize outcomes |
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Stoichiometry / Redox steps |
(1) Determine oxidation states on all species, (2) Write two half reactions (oxidation and reduction), (3) Balance charges (+ e-), (4) Balance oxygen (+ H2O), (5) Balance hydrogen (+ H+), (6) Add and check final equation/reaction |
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Weak Acid/Base Steps |
(1) Write all chemical equations [eg acid dissociation, water dissociation], (2) List all aqueous species to determine #unknowns, (3) Water dissociation equilibrium, (4) Mass balance on acid, (5) Acid dissociation equilibrium, (6) Electroneutrality equation, (7) write electroneutrality equation in terms of [H+] and knowns. (*magnitude of ions charge is coefficient in eleneu eq*) |
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Henry's Constant equations |
[gas] = (K_H) * (partial pressure of gas) |
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Solubility Product (Ksp) |
for equation [[ AxBy <--> xA + yB ]], Ksp = [A]^x * [B]^y |
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Elemental Cycles: Phosphorus Sources |
(1) Dissolution [[ Ca3(PO4)2 --> 3Ca(+) + 2PO4(2-) ]], (2) Decomposition [[ organic P --> inorganic ]] |
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Elemental Cycles: Phosphorus Sinks |
(1) Plant (algal) uptake [[ inorganic P --> organic P ]], (2) Consumption, (3) Burial |
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Elemental Cycles: Nitrogen Importance |
(1) DNA and phsiological, (2) Rain pH, (3) fertilizers, (4) anoxic waters |
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Elemental Cycles: Nitrogen Sinks |
Denitrification [[ NO3(-) --> N2 ]] |
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Elemental Cycles: Nitrogen Sources |
(1) Lightning [[ N2 + O2 --> N2O --> NO3(-) ]], (2) Industrial fixation [[ N2 + H2 --> NH3 ]], (3) Biological fixation [[ N2 --> NH3 + H2 ]] |
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Elemental Cycles: Carbon Sinks |
(1) CO2 in air dissolved in ocean water [[ CO2 --> H2CO3 ]], (2) Photosythesis [[ CO2 --> C6H12O6 ]], (3) Precipitation [[ Ca(2+) + CO3(2-) --> CaCO3 |
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Elemental Cycles: Carbon Sources |
(1) Respiration [[ C6H12O6 --> CO2 ]], (2) Dissolution or weathering [[ CaCO3 --> Ca(2+) + CO3(2-), (3) Combustion [[ C3H8 --> CO2 ]] |
