English Vocab Quiz 2Nd Nine Weeks

Front 1

Hasty generalization

Back 1

A generalization based on too little or unrepresentative data.

Front 2

Invective

Back 2

Insulting, abusive, or highly critical language

Front 3

Straw man

Back 3

When a person engaging in an argument defines his opponents position when the opponent is not present and defines it in a manner that is easy to attack.

Front 4

Euphemism

Back 4

A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing

Front 5

Patronizing

Back 5

Treating someone with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority.

Front 6

Ethos

Back 6

(credibility) being convinced by the credibility of the author. We tend to believe people whom we respect. With this appeal, a writer tries to convince the audience that he or she is someone worth listening to, in other words an authority on the subject, as well as someone who is likable and worthy of respect.

Front 7

Pathos

Back 7

(Emotional) persuading by appealing to the readers emotions.

Front 8

Logos

Back 8

(logical) persuading by the use of reasoning, using true premises and valid arguments. This is generally considered the strongest form of persuasion.

Front 9

Concession

Back 9

Accepting at least part or all of an opposing viewpoint. Often used to make ones own argument stronger by demonstrating that one is willing to accept what is obviously true and reasonable, even if it is presented by the opposition. Sometimes it is immediately followed by a rebuttal.

Front 10

Tedious

Back 10

Too long, slow, or dull: tiresome or monotonous.

Front 11

Slippery slope

Back 11

(or domino theory) the assumption that once started, a situation will continue to it's most extreme possible outcome.

Front 12

Analogy

Back 12

Comparison between two things on the basis of their structure, for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

Front 13

Syllogism

Back 13

An instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions (premises), each of which shares a term with the conclusion, and shares a common or middle term not present in the conclusion (all dogs are animals; all animals have four legs; therefore all dogs have four legs)

Front 14

Polysyndeton

Back 14

When a writer creates a list of items which are all separated by conjunctions. (I walked the dog, and fed the cat, and milked the cows.)

Front 15

Anastrophe

Back 15

The inversion of the usual order of words or clauses ("midnight dreary" or "deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing")

Front 16

Noun

Back 16

A person, place, thing, or idea

Front 17

Adjective

Back 17

Modifies a noun or a pronoun and answers which one? What kind? How many? Or whose? (All possessive words and the articles a, an, and the)

Front 18

Pronoun

Back 18

Takes the place of a noun or a group of nouns

Front 19

Verb

Back 19

States the action or state of being

Front 20

Adverb

Back 20

Modifies a verb, adjective, or another one of itself. Often ends in -ly. Answer the questions when?, where?, how?, or to what extent?

Front 21

Preposition

Back 21

Shows the relationship between a noun in the sentence and another noun or group of nouns (position, location, time).

Front 22

Conjunction

Back 22

Connects words or groups of words

Front 23

Interjection

Back 23

Expresses strong emotion (usually comes at the beginning of the sentence)

Front 24

Simple subject

Back 24

The noun or pronoun that the sentence is about

Front 25

Simple predicate

Back 25

(verb phrase) the action or state of being of the of the subject

Front 26

Direct object

Back 26

Receives the action of an action verb (usually follows the verb)

Front 27

Indirect object

Back 27

The noun or pronoun that answers "to whom?" or "for whom?" about the direct object

Front 28

Objective complement

Back 28

A noun, pronoun, or adjective that follows the direct object and renames it or tells what the direct object has become.

Front 29

Predicate adjective

Back 29

Adjectives that come in the predicate after linking verbs and modify the subject of the sentence

Front 30

Predicate nominative

Back 30

A noun or pronoun in the predicate following a linking verb and renaming the subject.

Front 31

Prepositional phrase

Back 31

A preposition plus a noun or pronoun that is it's object and any modifiers that function with it.

Front 32

Antithesis

Back 32

A person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else

Front 33

Anaphora

Back 33

Repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences or clauses in a row. This is a deliberate form of repetition that helps make the writers point more coherent. I came, I saw, I conquered.

Front 34

Puritanism

Back 34

Characterized by censorious, strict moral beliefs, especially about pleasure, believing or acting like puritans.

Front 35

Judicious

Back 35

Wise, sensible, well-advised

Front 36

Non sequitur

Back 36

A conclusion that does not follow from its premises; an invalid argument.

Front 37

Appositive

Back 37

And now I'm not renamed another noun. (Follow the nouns they rename and are often set off by commas, but not always)

Front 38

Noun of direct address

Back 38

The person to whom the sentence is being addressed

Front 39

Realism

Back 39

In art or literature the movement or style of representing familiar things as they actually are

Front 40

Synthesis

Back 40

Combination, putting things together to create meaning

Front 41

Premise

Back 41

A previous statement or proposition from which another is inferred or follows as a conclusion

Front 42

Red herring

Back 42

An argument that distracts the reader by raising issues irrelevant to the case

Front 43

Aphorism

Back 43

A pithy (concise and expressive) observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke don't fix it"