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139 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does “Adulterate” mean? Give 2 synonyms from the book.
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(Verb) To corrupt, to make worse by the addition of something of lesser value.
Synonyms: Contaminate, pollute |
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Ambidextrous
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(Adjective) Able to use both hands equally well; very skillful; deceitful, hypocritical.
Synonyms: Versatile, facile |
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Augment
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(Verb) To make larger, increase.
Synonyms: Enlarge, supplement |
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Bereft
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(Adjective) Deprived of; made unhappy through a loss.
Synonyms: Bereaved |
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Deploy
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(Verb) To position or arrange; to utilize; to form up.
Synonyms: Station, organize |
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Dour
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(Adjective) Stern, unyielding, gloomy, ill-humored.
Synonyms: Harsh, bleak |
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Fortitude
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(Noun) Courage in facing difficulties.
Synonyms: Resolve, steadfastness |
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Gape
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(Verb) To stare with open mouth; to open the mouth wide; to open wide.
Synonyms: Gawk, ogle |
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Gibe
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(Verb) To utter taunting words.(Noun) An expression of scorn.
Synonyms: Ridicule, mock |
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Guise
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(Noun) An external appearance, cover, mask.
Synonyms: Costume, semblance |
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Insidious
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(Adjective) Intended to deceive or entrap; sly, treacherous.
Synonyms: Cunning, underhanded |
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Intimation
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(Noun) Hint, indirect suggestion.
Synonyms: Clue, indication |
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Opulent
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(Adjective) Wealthy, luxurious; ample; grandiose.
Synonyms: Rich, lavish |
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Pliable
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(Adjective) Easily bent, flexible; easily influenced.
Synonyms: Supple, adaptable |
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Reiterate
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(Verb) To say again, repeat.
Synonyms: Restate, rehash |
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Stolid
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(Adjective) Not easily moved mentally or emotionally; dull, unresponsive.
Synonyms: Impassive phlegmatic |
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Tentative
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(Adjective) Experimental in nature; uncertain, hesitant.
Synonyms: Provisional, inconclusive |
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Unkempt
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(Adjective) Not combed; untidy; not properly maintained.
Synonyms: Sloppy, disheveled |
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Verbatim
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(Adjective) Word for word; exactly as written or spoken.
Synonyms: Exact |
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Warily
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(Adverb) Cautiously, with great care.
Synonyms: Carefully, prudently |
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Adroit
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(Adjective) Skillful, expert in the use of the hands or mind.
Synonyms: Clever, dreft |
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Amicable
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(Adjective) Peaceable, friendly.
Synonyms: Congenial, neighborly |
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What is a “Homeric Simile”? Give 1 example.
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A Homeric Simile is a long comparison that compares heroic or epic events to simple and easily understandable everyday events.
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What is “Personification”? Give 1 example.
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Personification is when a writer gives inanimate things human characteristics.
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What are “Epithets”? Give 1 example.
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A characteristic word or phrase used alongside the name of a person, place, or thing.
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What is “Invocation To The Muse?” Give 3 examples.
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These invocations open and introduce epics with prayers to help the muse telling the story sing his tale.
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What is “In Medias Res?” Give a thorough definition.
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The technique of starting a story in the middle and then using a flashback to tell what happened earlier. Latin for “in the middle of things.”
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Give 3 examples of God’s and Goddesses interfering in the Odyssey.
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Poseidon sent out a sea serpent to kill the prophet who was telling the Trojans that the gift the Greeks had given them was a trick.
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Who is Alcinous?
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King of Phaecia. Odysseus tells the story of his adventures in Alcinous's court.
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Who is Calypso?
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Beautiful nymph goddess who keeps Odysseus prisoner on her island for seven years.
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Who is Charybdis?
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Female monster who sucks in water three times a day to form a deadly whirlpool. (Scholars believe that she was based on a real whirlpool in the Strait of Messina)
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Who is Circe?
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~Enchantress and goddess who turns Odysseus's men into swine.
~Holds Odysseus captive for 1 year. |
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Who is Eurylochus?
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A member of Odysseus's loyal crew.
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Who are the Lotus Eaters?
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People who feed Odysseus's men lotus plants to make them forget Ithaca.
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Who is Polyphemus?
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Son of the sea god Poseidon and blinded by Odysseus. Polyphemus is a Cyclops, one of a race of brutish one-eyed giants. He was a shepherd.
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Who is Scylla?
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A female monster with six serpent heads, each having a triple row of fangs. (Scholars believe this is based on a dangerous rock in the Strait of Messina)
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What are the Sirens?
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Sea nymphs whose beautiful and mysterious music lures sailors to steer their ships toward dangerous rocks.
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What is Troy?
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The city that Odysseus and the rest of the Greek army raided.
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What is Ithaca?
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The city where Odysseus was born and raised and he was also the king of Ithaca. His wife, Penelope, and son, Telemachus, resided in Ithaca.
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What are Rhapsodes?
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The historians and entertainers, as well as the myth makers in Homer's time. Traveled from community to community singing about recent events.
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Who is Homer?
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Poet who wrote the Illiad and the Odyssey.
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Who is Odysseus?
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~Leader
~Epic hero ~Strategist ~Brains and Brawns ~Showed Hubris ~Arrogant ~Risk taker ~King of Ithaca ~Leader of the army that obliterated Troy. |
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Who is Penelope?
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Odysseus's faithful wife.
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Who is Telemachus?
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Odysseus's son.
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Who is Menelaus?
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~Husband of Helen.
~King of Sparta. ~Helped take down Troy. ~Son of Agamemnon. |
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Who is Helen? (Helen of Troy)
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~Wife of Menelaus.
~Abducted by Paris, Prince of Troy. |
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Who is Paris?
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~Prince of Troy.
~Abducted Helen, Queen of Sparta. |
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Who is Zeus?
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~The most powerful God. His home is on Olympus.
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Who is Poseidon?
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~God of the sea.
~Brother of Zeus and Hades. ~Known as the "Earth shaker" because he is known to cause earthquakes. ~Enemy of Odysseus. |
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Who is Athena?
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~Favorite daughter of Zeus.
~The great goddess of wisdom as well as war and peace. ~Favored the Greeks during the Trojan War. |
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Who is Helios?
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~Sun God.
~Had cattle on the island of Thrinakia that were slaughtered by Odysseus's men. Helios then was angry and called on Zeus to punish Odysseus's men. Zeus sent a lightning bolt that came down an destroyed Odysseus's boat and killed all of his men except for him. |
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Who is Hermes?
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~Messenger God.
~Forced Calypso to let Odysseus go. |
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What is the main thesis of the section “Invocation to the Muse?”
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Homer opens with an invocation, or prayer, asking the Muse to help him sing his tale.
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What is the main thesis of the section “Calypso?”
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Odysseus has spent 7 of the 10 years he's been trying to get back home on Calypso's Island as a prisoner. He has been aided by the goddess Athena throughout the span of him being a prisoner. Athena asks her father, Zeus, for a favor and he said yes. The favor was for Zeus to send Hermes to tell Calypso that she had to let Odysseus go. Calypso let Odysseus build a raft and leave her island.
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What is the main thesis of the section “I am Laertes’ Son?”
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The daughter of Alcinous finds Odysseus and invites him to a banquet. Alcinous asks Odysseus to identify himself at the banquet and that is when Odysseus began telling his story.
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What is the main thesis of the section “The Lotus Eaters?”
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The Lotus Eaters give Odysseus's men lotus plants to eat. These plants make the men who ate them forget about Ithaca.
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What is the main thesis of the section “The Cyclops?”
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Odysseus is angry when Polyphemus doesn't show Odysseus any hospitality, but Polyphemus isn't so friendly. He offered Odysseus the chance to be eaten last rather then first. Polyphemus ate two of his men. Odysseus and his men stab Polyphemus in his eye, blinding him. They then leave the island.
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What is the main thesis of the section “The Enchantress Circe?”
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Eurolochus and 22 men go exploring on the island of Aeaea. There, all of Eurolochus's men go into Circe's house except for Eurolochus. They were all turned into pigs. Eurolochus went back to the ship to warn the others. Hermes gives Odysseus a plant that will make him immune to Circe's powers. He goes to Circe's house and when Circe realizes her sorcery doesn't effect Odysseus, she sets his crew free. Odysseus and his men ask Circe to help them return home and she advises that Odysseus must go to the Land of the Dead alone to seek the wisdom of the blind prophet Teiresias.
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What is the main thesis of the section “The Sirens; Scylla and Charybdis?”
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Odysseus and his men pass through the sirens where Odysseus puts bees wax inside his crew's ears. They then tie Odysseus to the bottom of the deck and for Odysseus to be untied he must lift his eyebrow because his crew could not hear him. They then pass through Scylla and Charybdis. Odysseus decides to take the path of Scylla because then only 6 men would die instead of the entire crew.
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What is the main thesis of the section “The Cattle of the Sun God?”
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Odysseus urged his men to move past Thrinakia, but they wanted to rest. Odysseus made his men swear they wouldn't touch anything so as not to upset the sun god, Helios. After 30 days of resupplying and resting, Odysseus's men ran out of food and were growing hungry. They slaughtered Helios's cattle, and that angered Helios. Zeus sent a lightning bolt to destroy Odysseus's ship, thus killing everyone onboard, except for Odysseus.
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Averse
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Having a deep seated distaste for, opposed or unwilling to.
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Belligerent
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Combative or aggressive; one at war, one engaged in war.
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Benevolent
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Kindly, charitable.
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Cursory
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Hasty, not thorough.
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Duplicity
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Treachery, deceitfulness.
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Extol
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To praise extravagantly.
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Feasible
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Possible, able to be done.
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Grimace
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A wry face, facial distortion; to make a wry face.
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Holocaust
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A large scale destruction, especially by fire; a vast slaughter; a burnt offering.
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Impervious
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Not affected or hurt by; admitting of no passage or entrance.
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Impetus
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A moving forcer, impulse, stimulus.
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Jeopardy
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Danger.
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Meticulous
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Extremely careful, particular about details.
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Nostalgia
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A longing for something of the past; homesickness.
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Quintessence
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The purest essence of form of something; the most typical example.
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Retrogress
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To move backward; to return to an earlier condition.
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Scrutinize
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To examine closely.
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Tepid
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Lukewarm; unenthusiastic; marked by an absence of interest.
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Adversary
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An enemy, opponent.
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Alienate
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To turn away; to make indifferent or hostile; to transfer, convey.
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Artifice
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A skill or ingenious device; a clever trick, a clever skill; trickery.
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Coerce
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To compel, force.
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Craven
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Cowardly; a coward.
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Culinary
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Of or related to cooking or the kitchen.
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Delete
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To erase, wipeout, cut out.
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Demise
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Death, especially of a person in a lofty position.
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Exhilarate
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Enliven, cheer, give spirit to or liveliness to.
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Fallow
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Plowed but not seeded, inactive, reddish-yellow; land left unseeded; to plow but not seed.
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Harass
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To disturb, worry, to trouble by repeated attacks.
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Inclement
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Stormy, harsh; sever in attitude or action.
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Muse
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To think about in a dreamy way, ponder.
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Negligible
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So unimportant that it can be disregarded.
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Perpetuate
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To make permanent or long lasting.
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Precedent
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An example that may serve as a basis for imitation or later action.
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Punitive
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Inflicting or aiming punishment.
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Redress
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To set right, remedy; relief from wrong or injury.
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Sojourn
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A temporary stay, to stay a time.
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Urbane
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Refined in manner or style, suave.
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Affiliated
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Associated, connected.
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Ascertain
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To find out.
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Attainment
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An accomplishment, the act of achieving.
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Bequeath
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To give or to pass an inheritance.
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Cogent
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Forceful, convincing; relevant, to the point.
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Converge
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To move toward one point, approach nearer together.
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Disperse
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To scatter, spread far and wide.
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Esteem
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To regard highly; a favorable opinion or judgment.
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Expunge
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To erase, obliterate, destroy.
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Finite
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Having limits, lasting for a limited time.
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Invulnerable
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Not able to be wounded or hurt; shielded against attack.
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Malevolent
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Spiteful, showing ill will.
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Nonchalant
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Cool and confident, unconcerned.
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Omniscient
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Knowing everything; having unlimited awareness or understanding.
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Panacea
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Remedy for all ills; cure-all; an answer to all problems.
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Scrupulous
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Exact, careful, attending thoroughly to details; having high moral standards, principled.
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Skulk
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To move about stealthily, to lie in hiding.
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Supercilious
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Proud and contemptuous; showing scorn because of a feeling of superiority.
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Uncanny
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Strange, mysterious, weird, beyond explanation.
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Venial
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Easily excuse; pardonable.
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Altruistic
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Unselfish, concerned with the welfare of others.
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Assent
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To express agreement; agreement.
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Benefactor
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One who does good to others.
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Chivalrous
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Marked by honor, courtesy and courage; knightly.
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Clemency
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Mercy, humaneness; mildness, moderateness.
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Dearth
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A lack, scarcity, inadequate supply; a famine.
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Diffident
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Shy, lacking self confidence; modest, reserved.
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Discrepancy
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A difference; a lack of agreement.
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Embark
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To go aboard; to make a start; to invest.
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Facile
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Easily done or attained; superficial; ready, fluent; easily shown but not sincerely felt
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Indomitable
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Unconquerable, refusing to yield.
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Infallible
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Free from error; absolutely dependable.
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Plod
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To walk heavily or slowly; to work slowly.
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Pungent
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Causing a sharp sensation; stinging, biting.
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Remiss
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Neglectful in performance of one's duty, careless.
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Repose
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To rest; lie; place; relaxation, peace of mind, calmness.
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Temerity
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Rashness, boldness.
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Truculent
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Fierce and cruel; aggressive; deadly, destructive; scathingly harsh.
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Unfeigned
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Sincere, real, without pretense.
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Virulent
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Extremely poisonous; full of malice; spiteful.
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What does "Caught between a rock and a hard place" originate from?
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The monsters Scylla and Charybdis
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