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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ELISIONS
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"don't" "couldn't"
Informality More spontaneous |
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DIRECTIVE
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Use of an imperative to get someone to do something
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PHATIC
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Everyday speech. Small talk.
Used for social bonding. Conversations often start and end with these. |
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LIAISON
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Two words run together. - New sound produced
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FILLERS
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Have little meaning, buy time to think "sort of"
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REFRENTIAL
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Providing information "train station is a mile away"
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CUE
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Speaker reches end of grammatical structure. Speakers voice begins to fall at end of an untterance. Looks directly at person they are addressing
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PACE
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Slow - calmness and reassurance. Rapid - interest and enthusiasm. Fast, muddled speech may be result of panic or anxiety.
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TURN TAKING
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Accurate judges of the precise moment we can contribute. If not, conversation would be chaotic.
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UNINTENTIONAL REPETITION
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Non fluency feature - single/several repetition which hinder the flow of speech.
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ACCENT
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How words are prounouced. Regional/social identity. Fitting in. Social bonds. Positive/negative associations.
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ELIPSIS
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Grammatical element missing
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FEEDBACK
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shows the speaker they are listening. Verbal responses. Oral signs. Non verbal.
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ADJACENCY PAIRS
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Building blocks of conversation. Two part exxhange - predicatble pattern. Can be imbedded. Three part exchanges.
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TRANSACTIONAL
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conversations main emphasis on getting something done
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TOPIC LOOP
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Refer back to orginal subject of speech
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DIETIC EXPRESSION
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Pointing funtion - "tomorrow"
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UNVOICED PAUSES
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Silent pauses (.) fullstops. Hesitation
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FALSE STARTS
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utterance is started, then corrected
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DIALOGUE
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more than one person's unit of speech
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PAUSES
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may reflect awkwardness. Often relaxed though, occurs naturally but could be result of uncertainty
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PITCH
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Most noticeable when high/low. Raised pitch can indicate excitement, enthusiasm, anxiety.
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TOPICS
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What is being talked about
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REPAIRS
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Resolves a problem that has arisen in the conversation
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MONOLOGUE
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One person speaking.
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VOLUME
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Loudness - attutude/emotion status.
"close the door" Quietly - request. Loud - angry, imperative. Status - superiors likely to raise their voice to subordinates. |
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UTTERANCE
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A single unit of speech
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STRESS
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Draws attention to a particular word and may change meaning of an utterance
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ORAL SIGNAL
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Laughs, sighs, gasps. If it means something - oral signal
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EXPRESSIVE
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Expresses feelings "this lesson is crap"
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INTERACTIONAL
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Contrasts transactional. Main reason is to form social relationships. Between friends
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